Optimizing surgical strategies for osteochondritis dissecans: integrating biological and mechanical enhancements across ICRS grades.

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Abstract

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital (IRB No. 2024 − 0125). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants (or their guardians). Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.