European guidance for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

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Abstract

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: JAK reports grants from Amgen, Eli Lilly and Radius Health; non-financial support from Medimaps, and Asahi; and other support from AgNovos. JAK is the architect of FRAX® but has no financial interest. CC reports personal fees from Alliance for Better Bone Health, Amgen, Eli Lilly, GSK, Medtronic, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Servier, Takeda and UCB. RR has received consulting fees or advisory board fees from Radius Health, Labatec, Danone, Nestlé, CNIEL and Sandoz. J-YR has received advisory board or consulting fees from IBSA-Genévrier, Pierre Fabre, Radius Health, TEVA and Mylan; and lecture fees from Anovos, IBSA-Genévrier, Mylan, CNIEL, Dairy Research Council (DRC) and Theramex; and institutional grant support from IBSA-Genévrier, Mylan, CNIEL and Radius Health. 4. Med Clin North Am. 2021 Nov;105(6):1117-1134. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2021.05.016. Epub 2021 Sep 8. Update on Osteoporosis Screening and Management. Anam AK(1), Insogna K(2). Author information: (1)Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Yale Bone Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, FMP 107, PO Box 208020, New Haven, CT 06519, USA. Electronic address: anika.anam@yale.edu. (2)Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Yale Bone Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, FMP 107, PO Box 208020, New Haven, CT 06519, USA. Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue leading to an increased risk of fragility fractures. Central dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measurements are the gold standard for determining bone mineral density. A well-balanced diet containing adequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D, exercise, smoking cessation, and limited alcohol intake are important to maintain bone health. Pharmacologic agents should be recommended in postmenopausal women who are at high risk for fractures. Newer anabolic therapies including teriparatide, abaloparatide, and romosozumab have emerged for use in severe osteoporosis. Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. DOI: 10.1016/j.mcna.2021.05.016