Cytokines in the pathogenesis of hemophilic arthropathy.

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Abstract

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 13. Clin Podiatr Med Surg. 2023 Jul;40(3):381-395. doi: 10.1016/j.cpm.2023.02.003. Epub 2023 Apr 28. Soft Tissue Pathology. Shane AM(1), Reeves CL(2), Nguyen GB(3), Ferrise TD(3), Calaj PM(3). Author information: (1)Department of Podiatric Surgery Advent Health System, Advent Health East Orlando Podiatric Surgery Residency, Upperline Health, 250 North Alafaya Trail Suite 1115, Orlando, FL 32828, USA; Department of Podiatric Surgery, Advent Health East Orlando Podiatric Surgery Residency, 250 North Alafaya Trail Suite 1115, Orlando, FL 32828, USA. Electronic address: Ashane@upperlinehealth.com. (2)Department of Podiatric Surgery, Advent Health East Orlando Podiatric Surgery Residency, 250 North Alafaya Trail Suite 1115, Orlando, FL 32828, USA; Rothman Institute, Foot and Ankle Surgery, Advent Health East Orlando Hospital, 7727 Lake Underhill Road, Orlando, FL 32822, USA. (3)Department of Podiatric Surgery, Advent Health East Orlando Podiatric Surgery Residency, 250 North Alafaya Trail Suite 1115, Orlando, FL 32828, USA. A wide spectrum of pathologies can lead to soft tissue abnormalities within the ankle joint. Many of these disorders can develop into irreversible joint degeneration if left untreated. Arthroscopy is frequently used to treat these soft tissue conditions such as instability, synovitis, impingement, arthrofibrosis, and other inflammatory disorders in the rearfoot and ankle. In general, the etiology of these ankle soft tissue disorders can be classified as traumatic, inflammatory, and congenital/neoplastic. Overall, the goal of diagnosing and treating soft tissue pathologies of the ankle is to restore anatomic and physiologic motion, reduce pain, optimize functional return to activity, and decrease the chance of recurrence while minimizing complications. Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. DOI: 10.1016/j.cpm.2023.02.003