Cerebral Fat Embolism After a Fall.

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Abstract

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 14. Injury. 2017 Jun;48 Suppl 1:S10-S14. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2017.04.017. Epub 2017 Apr 26. Inflammatory response after nailing. Kanakaris NK(1), Anthony C(2), Papasotiriou A(3), Giannoudis PV(4). Author information: (1)Clinical Lead of Major Trauma Services, Leeds General Infirmary, Clarendon Wing, Level D, LS13EX, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK. Electronic address: n.kanakaris@nhs.net. (2)Trauma and Orthopaedics Yorkshire and Humber Deanery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, UK. Electronic address: christopher.anthony@doctors.org.uk. (3)Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, UK. Electronic address: antpapas@hotmail.com. (4)Academic Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, UK. Electronic address: pgiannoudi@aol.com. Intramedullary nailing, as the gold standard stabilisation method of most long bones, has been tailed by its extensive use as the basic tool of investigating the immune response to trauma in many large and small animal models, as well as at the clinical setting. Over the last few decades a complex map of interactions between pro and anti-inflammatory pathways has been the result of these significant global research efforts. Parallel to the evolution of modern nailing and reaming techniques, significant developments at the fields of other disciplines relevant to trauma care, has improved the contemporary management of injured patients, challenging previous concepts and altering clinical barriers. The current article aims to summarise the current understanding of the effect of instrumenting the medullary canal after trauma, and hint on potential future directions. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Ltd. DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2017.04.017