Fifth Distal Phalanx Avulsion Fracture in a High-Level Marathon Runner.

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Abstract

Conflict of interest statement: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. 15. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 1995 Mar;3(2):70-78. doi: 10.5435/00124635-199503000-00002. Fractures and Dislocations of the Forefoot: Operative and Nonoperative Treatment. Schenck RC Jr(1), Heckman JD. Author information: (1)Department of Orthopaedics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio. Effective treatment of common bone injuries of the forefoot is dependent on a clear understanding of both the osseous anatomy of the foot and the biomechanics of gait. Obtaining a thorough history and performing a careful physical examination are especially important because the complex anatomy of the region often makes radiographic diagnosis difficult. The keys to making the correct diagnosis in the injured forefoot are detailed, with emphasis on obtaining the appropriate radiographic studies. Included in the discussion are injuries to Lisfranc's joint and the metatarsophalangeal and sesamoid joints, as well as metatarsal and phalangeal fractures. Guidelines for operative and nonoperative management of these injuries are presented. DOI: 10.5435/00124635-199503000-00002