Juvenile Knee Osteochondritis Dissecans.

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Abstract

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Disclosures The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: T.J.G. receives funding grants from Vericel. H.B.E. receives speaking and lecture fees from OrthoPediatrics; receives funding grants from Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America, Department of Defense Washington University in St. Louis, and American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine; reports board membership with American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, Pediatric Research in Sports Medicine, and Texas Orthopedic Association; and receives nonfinancial support from Arthrex and Pylant Medical. All other authors (B.C.M., K.G.S., P.L.W.) declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. 7. Cureus. 2024 Jul 27;16(7):e65496. doi: 10.7759/cureus.65496. eCollection 2024 Jul. Juvenile Osteochondritis Dissecans: Current Concepts. Akkawi I(1), Zmerly H(2), Draghetti M(1), Felli L(3). Author information: (1)Orthopedics, Casa di Cura Villa Erbosa, Bologna, ITA. (2)Orthopedics, Villa Erbosa Hospital, Bologna, ITA. (3)Orthopedics, San Martino Hospital, Genova, ITA. Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) primarily damages the subchondral bone, leading to damage to the articular cartilage. Juvenile OCD (JOCD) of the knee is limited to skeletally immature and young patients with open growth plates on radiographs. We conducted a review of PubMed articles up until March 16, 2024, using a combination of the following keywords: knee, juvenile, and osteochondritis dissecans. This narrative review included a total of 56 relevant articles that investigated the etiology, incidence, clinical presentation, imaging, classification, and treatment of JOCD of the knee in patients less than 20 years of age. The exact etiology is controversial. Most authors believe that the disease involves multiple theories, such as ischemia, recurrent trauma, and genetic predisposition. Radiographs, the first imaging study in this patient group, cannot determine the stability or instability of the surface cartilage of the OCD lesion. As a result, MRI has become a recommended diagnostic method for determining OCD stability and providing important information for determining a treatment plan. For stable JOCD lesions, nonsurgical treatment is often advised. For unstable and stable lesions that do not respond to nonsurgical treatment, several surgical techniques with good healing rates are available. Copyright © 2024, Akkawi et al. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.65496 PMCID: PMC11346800