Acromioclavicular joint injuries in overhead athletes: a concise review of injury mechanisms, treatment options, and outcomes.

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Abstract

Conflict of interest statement: Christopher F. Deans and Joseph M. Gentile each declare no potential conflicts of interest. Matthew A. Tao is a member of the editorial board for Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine. 17. Radiologe. 2019 Mar;59(3):257-272. doi: 10.1007/s00117-019-0495-8. [Acromioclavicular joint : The "forgotten" joint]. [Article in German] Krestan C(1), Pretterklieber B(2), Pretterklieber M(2), Kramer J(3). Author information: (1)Universitätsklinik für Radiologie und Nuklearmedizin, Abteilung für Allgemeine und Kinderradiologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Wien, Österreich. christian.krestan@meduniwien.ac.at. (2)Zentrum für Anatomie und Zellbiologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Währinger Str. 13, 1090, Wien, Österreich. (3)Institut für CT & MRT am Schillerpark, Rainerstr. 6-8, 4020, Linz, Österreich. Besides osteoarthritic changes, traumatic and posttraumatic lesions are the most frequent alterations of the acromioclavicular (AC) joint. The Rockwood classification is used to describe posttraumatic lesions. The most important screening modality is anteroposterior x‑ray imaging, preferably with weight bearing and side to side comparison. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) without weight bearing is superior to x‑rays in analyzing and classifying AC joint dislocations. Postoperative imaging and assessment of arthritic alterations are usually carried out using x‑ray images and MRI is used as an additional examination modality. Sonography is only of limited value. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) is usually not used as a primary imaging modality for the AC joint; however, it can be analyzed simultaneously whenever the shoulder joint is being investigated with MDCT. DOI: 10.1007/s00117-019-0495-8