Arthrofibrosis Nightmares: Prevention and Management Strategies.

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Abstract

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Disclosure: C.L.C. reports personal fees and nonfinancial support from Arthrex, nonfinancial support from Zimmer Biomet, nonfinancial support from Stryker Corporation. A.J.K. reports grants from Aesculap/B.Braun, other from American Journal of Sports Medicine, personal fees and other from Arthrex Inc., grants from Arthritis foundation, grants from Ceterix, grants from Histogenics, other from International Cartilage Repair Society, other from International society of Arthroscopy, Knee surgery, and orthopaedic sports medicine, other from Minnesota Orthopedic society, personal fees and other from Musculoskeletal Transplant Foundation, personal fees from Vericel, personal fees from DePuy, personal fees from JRF, grants from Exactech, grants from Gemini Medical, personal fees from Responsive Arthroscopy. M.J.S. reports involvement in the editorial or governing board for the American Journal of Sports Medicine, grants and personal fees from Arthrex Inc., grants from Stryker. M.P.A. reports involvement in the board or committee member of AAOS, publishing royalties, financial or material support from Springer, and IP royalties from Stryker. B.A.L. reports personal fees from Arthrex Inc.: IP royalties; Paid consultant, grants from Biomet: Research support, editorial or governing board for Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, Journal of Knee Surgery, Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, Orthopedics Today; grants and personal fees from Smith & Nephew: Paid consultant; Research support, grants from Stryker: Research support, personal fees from Linvatec: Faculty/speaker, personal fees from COVR Medical LLC. The remaining authors declare no conflict of interest. 4. Shoulder Elbow. 2017 Apr;9(2):75-84. doi: 10.1177/1758573216676786. Epub 2016 Nov 7. Adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder: review of pathophysiology and current clinical treatments. Le HV(1), Lee SJ(1), Nazarian A(2), Rodriguez EK(3). Author information: (1)Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), Boston, MA, USA. (2)Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), Boston, MA, USA. (3)Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), Boston, MA, USA; Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), Boston, MA, USA. Adhesive shoulder capsulitis, or arthrofibrosis, describes a pathological process in which the body forms excessive scar tissue or adhesions across the glenohumeral joint, leading to pain, stiffness and dysfunction. It is a debilitating condition that can occur spontaneously (primary or idiopathic adhesive capsulitis) or following shoulder surgery or trauma (secondary adhesive capsulitis). Here, we review the pathophysiology of adhesive shoulder capsulitis, highlighting its clinical presentation, natural history, risk factors, pathoanatomy and pathogenesis. Both current non-operative and operative treatments for adhesive capsulitis are described, and evidence-based studies are presented in support for or against each corresponding treatment. Finally, the review also provides an update on the gene expression profile of adhesive capsulitis and how this new understanding can help facilitate development of novel pharmacological therapies. DOI: 10.1177/1758573216676786 PMCID: PMC5384535