Compartment syndrome in infants and toddlers.

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Abstract

Conflict of interest statement: Compliance with ethical standards Funding This study was not funded. Conflict of interest AB declares he no conflict of interest. MDS declares he has no conflict of interest. AA is an unpaid consultant for OrthoPediatrics. JF receives royalties from Biomet, publishing royalties, financial or material support from Wolters Kluwer Health–Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. AG declares he has nothing to disclose. PDC is a paid consultant for Integra and Stryker and received payment for development of educational presentations including service on speakers’ bureaus. Ethical approval All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent A waiver of informed consent was obtained from our institutional review board for all individual participants included in the study. 14. Cureus. 2022 Jul 27;14(7):e27321. doi: 10.7759/cureus.27321. eCollection 2022 Jul. Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome in a Fire Captain. Thakkar R(1), Tran S(1), Gillie M(2), Anderson J(3). Author information: (1)Orthopedic Surgery, St. George's University, School of Medicine, St. George, GRD. (2)Family Medicine, Stanford Health Care, San Jose, USA. (3)Orthopedic Surgery, O'Connor Hospital, San Jose, USA. Chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) is a commonly missed diagnosis. It is caused by an increase in intramuscular pressure which subsequently impedes local tissue perfusion and function. It disproportionately occurs in young females; however, the diagnosis should not be excluded in other demographics. We present a case of CECS in an otherwise healthy 53-year-old male fire captain. He presented with pain upon exertion and neurological deficits in the anterior compartment of his bilateral legs that impacted his occupation and daily functioning. Following fasciotomy, the patient returned to work with complete resolution of pain and neurological deficits. This review seeks to describe the prevalence, etiology, diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis, and management of CECS of the lower extremities, as described in the literature. Copyright © 2022, Thakkar et al. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27321 PMCID: PMC9412078