Gut microbiota and peripheral nerve health : exploring the connection in cubital tunnel syndrome

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Abstract

Introduction: Cubital tunnel syndrome (CuTS) is a peripheral neuropathy caused by ulnar nerve compression at the elbow. While gut microbiota (GM) is increasingly linked to nerve health via immune and metabolic pathways, their role in CuTS remains unknown. This study explores the relationship between gut microbiota composition and CuTS progression through a systematic review and exploratory clinical analysis. Methods: A systematic review assessed the link between GM and peripheral neuropathy, and an exploratory study analyzed GM profiles in 89 participants (48 CuTS patients, 41 controls) through stool samples using 16S rRNA sequencing. Results: Significant differences in GM beta diversity were found between moderate CuTS and controls (p=0.025), and mild vs. moderate CuTS (p=0.021). Sex differences were observed (p=0.02), but no differences were found using other classification systems. LEfSe analysis showed a reduced abundance of short-chain fatty acid producing genera in CuTS participants. Discussion: The review highlights associations between GM dysbiosis and nerve dysfunction, with specific bacterial taxa implicated in inflammation and neuroprotection. Preliminary clinical findings suggest gut microbiome composition and function may play a role in CuTS, potentially influencing host metabolism and inflammation.