Molecular Mechanism of Induction of Bone Growth by the C-Type Natriuretic Peptide.

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Abstract

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. 7. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2012 Jan 9;2:113. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2011.00113. eCollection 2011. Genetic regulation of the growth plate. Karimian E(1), Chagin AS, Sävendahl L. Author information: (1)Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm, Sweden. The epiphyseal growth plate consists of a layer of cartilage present only during the growth period and vanishes soon after puberty in long bones. It is divided to three well-defined zones, from epiphyses; resting, proliferative, and hypertrophic zones. Chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation and subsequent bone formation in this cartilage are controlled by various endocrine, autocrine, and paracrine factors which finally results into elimination of the cartilaginous tissue and promotion of the epiphyseal fusion. As chondrocytes differentiate from round, quiescent, and single structure to flatten and proliferative and then large and terminally differentiated, they experience changes in their gene expression pattern which allow them to transform from cartilaginous tissue to bone. This review summarizes the literature in this area and shortly describes different factors that affect growth plate cartilage both at the local and systemic levels. This may eventually help us to develop new treatment strategies of different growth disorders. DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2011.00113 PMCID: PMC3356134