Reduced bone density in HIV-infected women.

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Abstract

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 16. Oral Dis. 2024 May;30(4):2355-2361. doi: 10.1111/odi.14651. Epub 2023 Jun 20. Evaluation of the mandibular condylar bone microarchitecture in people living with HIV. Wadhwa S(1), Levit M(1), Matsumura S(2), Hsieh SJ(1), Kister K(1), Silva C(2), Shah J(3), Cantos A(3), Bohn B(4), Demmer RT(4), Yin MT(3). Author information: (1)Division of Orthodontics, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, New York, USA. (2)Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, New York, USA. (3)Division of Infectious Diseases, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA. (4)School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. OBJECTIVES: People living with HIV (PLWH) have been shown to have lower bone density at the spine, hip, and radius. However, whether a similar bone phenotype is seen in craniofacial bones is not known. The goal of this study was to evaluate the bone microarchitecture of the mandibular condyle in PLWH. METHODS: We recruited 212 participants, which included 88 HIV-negative participants and 124 PLWH on combination antiretroviral therapy with virological suppression from a single academic center. Each participant filled out a validated temporomandibular disorder (TMD) pain screening questionnaire and had cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) of their mandibular condyles. Qualitative radiographic evidence of temporomandibular joint disorders-osteoarthritis (TMJD-OA) assessment and quantitative microarchitecture analysis of their mandibular condylar bones were conducted. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in either self-reported TMD or in radiographic evidence of TMJD-OA in PLWH compared with HIV-negative controls. Linear regression analysis revealed that positive HIV status remained significantly associated with increased trabecular thickness, decreased cortical porosity, and increased cortical bone volume fraction after adjusting for race, diabetes, sex, and age. CONCLUSION: PLWH have increased mandibular condylar trabecular bone thickness and cortical bone volume fraction compared with HIV-negative controls. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC. DOI: 10.1111/odi.14651 PMCID: PMC10730762