Recent developments in evaluation and treatment of lateral patellar instability.

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Abstract

Conflict of interest statement: ETHICS APPROVAL AND CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE: Not applicable CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION: Not applicable COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. PUBLISHER’S NOTE: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. 12. J Exp Orthop. 2024 Oct 22;11(4):e70063. doi: 10.1002/jeo2.70063. eCollection 2024 Oct. Anatomic physeal-sparing MPFL reconstruction in skeletally immature patients shows favourable outcomes at a minimum of 24-month follow-up. Ntagiopoulos P(1), Pozzi P(2)(3), Kalinterakis G(1), Fligkos D(1), Dimou T(1), Compagnoni R(2)(4), Ferrua P(2)(5), Randelli PS(2)(5). Author information: (1)Hip and Knee Unit Mediterraneo Hospital Athens Greece. (2)U.O.C. 1° Clinica Ortopedica, ASST G. Pini-CTO Milan Italy. (3)Università degli Studi di Milano Italy. (4)Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences Università degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy. (5)Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health Università degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy. PURPOSE: Recurrent patellar dislocation is a prevalent orthopaedic issue among active paediatric and adolescent populations. Bony surgical procedures are not recommended in growing patients; therefore, the focus of surgery is on restoring the medial patellar ligaments, with different reconstructive techniques available. This retrospective case series focuses on the 2-year outcomes of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction in skeletally immature patients with open physis. METHODS: Twenty-four consecutive patients with patellofemoral instability and open growth plates underwent anatomic MPFL reconstruction with a physeal-sparing technique. All subjects have had more than three episodes of true patellar dislocations. Preoperative radiographic examination included anteroposterior and lateral views to assess patella alta and limb alignment. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed to evaluate trochlear dysplasia and tibial tubercle-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance. The patients were questioned regarding complications and clinical outcomes using the visual analogue scale (VAS), Kujala and Paediatric International Knee Documentation Committee (Pedi-IKDC) score. Variables were evaluated using paired t test with significance at p