Validation of the PCL-5 in Dutch trauma-exposed adults.

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Abstract

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. The authors declare no competing interests. 16. PLoS One. 2020 Nov 30;15(11):e0242849. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242849. eCollection 2020. Psychological trauma in different mechanisms of traumatic injury: A hospital-based cross-sectional study. Agarwal TM(1), Muneer M(2), Asim M(3), Awad M(4), Afzal Y(4), Al-Thani H(1), Alhassan A(5), Mollazehi M(1), El-Menyar A(3)(6). Author information: (1)Department of Surgery, Trauma Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar. (2)Department of Surgery, Plastic Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar. (3)Clinical Research, Trauma & Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar. (4)Medical Research Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar. (5)Department of Psychiatry, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar. (6)Department of Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical School, Doha, Qatar. BACKGROUND: Psychological distress following traumatic injury can influence the patient health, well-being and quality of life; however, this impact may partly vary according to the type and severity of injury. We aimed to study the predominant distress causing cluster and individual symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders (PTSD) at the clinical and subthreshold level in patients with traumatic injuries, based on the mechanism of injury (MOI). METHODS: A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted at a Level 1 Trauma Center utilizing PTSD Checklist to diagnose PTSD after one month of the traumatic event. All patients suffering from psychological distresses were assessed by a clinical psychologist in the trauma section. PTSD diagnostic criteria from DSM-5 were used to classify the patients. The inclusion criteria comprised of adult trauma patients who were directly involved in traumatic injuries and admitted under the Trauma Surgery services for a minimum of one day; have ability to provide written informed consent and can be assessed with the PCL-5 checklist after 4 weeks post-injury. RESULTS: Two hundred patients completed PCL-5 checklist, of them 26 (13.0%) were positive for PTSD and 174 (87%) had subthreshold scores. The mean age of participants was 34.4±11.8 years and males constituted 90.5%. Road traffic injury (RTI) was most the frequent injury mechanism (59%). PTSD positive patients with RTI, fall of heavy objects, pedestrian injury and assaults had highest average scores on clusters of negative alterations in mood and cognitions (16.9, 18.0, 18.5, 17.0 respectively), followed by hyperarousal. Symptom of always being on the guard and having repeated unwanted or disturbing memories of the incident, was reported by nearly 100% PTSD positive patients. Patients with subthreshold scores also reported distressing symptoms on all four clusters of PTSD. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with different MOI showed a broad range of psychological problems with respect to symptom clusters. Negative alteration in mood and cognition followed by hyperarousal caused higher level of distress in patients post traumatic injuries. Subthreshold symptoms of PTSD are more common and deserve more attention. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242849 PMCID: PMC7703890