Antibacterial coating of implants in orthopaedics and trauma: a classification proposal in an evolving panorama.

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Abstract

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 17. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2022 Aug;26(4):491-500. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-1754341. Epub 2022 Sep 14. Imaging of Metabolic Bone Diseases: The Spine View, Part II. Aparisi Gómez MP(1)(2), Isaac A(3), Dalili D(4)(5), Fotiadou A(6), Kariki EP(7)(8), Kirschke JS(9), Krestan CR(10), Messina C(11), Oei EHG(12), Phan CM(13), Prakash M(14), Sabir N(15), Tagliafico A(16)(17), Aparisi F(18), Baum T(19), Link TM(20), Guglielmi G(21), Bazzocchi A(22). Author information: (1)Department of Radiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (2)Department of Radiology, IMSKE, Valencia, Spain. (3)School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom. (4)Academic Surgical Unit, South West London Elective Orthopaedic Centre (SWLEOC), Epsom, London, United Kingdom. (5)Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Epsom and St. Helier University Hospitals NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom. (6)Consultant Radiologist, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, United Kingdom. (7)Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom. (8)Division of Informatics, Imaging & Data Sciences, School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom. (9)Interventional und Diagnostic Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany. (10)Department of Radiology, Favoriten Hospital, Vienna, Austria. (11)IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy. (12)Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. (13)Service de Radiologie Ostéo-Articulaire, APHP, Nord-Université de Paris, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France. (14)Department of Radiodiagnosis & Imaging, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India. (15)Department of Radiology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli, Turkey. (16)DISSAL, University of Genova, Genova, Italy. (17)Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy. (18)Department of Radiology, Hospital Vithas Nueve de Octubre, Valencia, Spain. (19)Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany. (20)Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California. (21)Department of Radiology, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy. (22)Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy. Metabolic bone diseases comprise a wide spectrum. Osteoporosis, the most frequent, characteristically involves the spine, with a high impact on health care systems and on the morbidity of patients due to the occurrence of vertebral fractures (VFs).Part II of this review completes an overview of state-of-the-art techniques on the imaging of metabolic bone diseases of the spine, focusing on specific populations and future perspectives. We address the relevance of diagnosis and current status on VF assessment and quantification. We also analyze the diagnostic techniques in the pediatric population and then review the assessment of body composition around the spine and its potential application. We conclude with a discussion of the future of osteoporosis screening, through opportunistic diagnosis and the application of artificial intelligence. Thieme. All rights reserved. DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1754341