Galeazzi fracture with volar dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint.

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Abstract

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 10. J Hand Surg Glob Online. 2023 Jul 18;5(6):774-778. doi: 10.1016/j.jhsg.2023.06.003. eCollection 2023 Nov. Anatomic and Biomechanical Study of the Forearm Interosseous Membrane, Distal Oblique Bundle, and Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex: Role in Galeazzi Fracture Dislocation. Lamas C(1)(2), Morro R(2), Da Ponte A(1), Llusa M(2). Author information: (1)Hand Unit and Upper Extremity, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain. (2)Biomechanical laboratory, Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to measure distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) dislocation and radioulnar displacement associated with sequential sectioning of the different bands of the interosseous membrane and triangular fibrocartilage complex in the simulation of a Galeazzi fracture dislocation. METHODS: Twelve fresh-frozen cadaver forearms were dissected. We examined the anatomy and function of the forearm interosseous membrane. Each forearm was then mounted onto a biomechanical wrist and forearm device. In the control group, radial osteotomy was performed and the degree of DRUJ displacement with progressive loads was measured. In addition to radial osteotomy, in group 1, the central band (CB) was sectioned; in group 2, the CB, distal membranous portion of the interosseous membrane, and distal oblique bundle were sectioned; and in group 3, the CB, distal membranous portion of the interosseous membrane, distal oblique bundle, and triangular fibrocartilage complex were sectioned. RESULTS: The radioulnar displacement (mm) at 25 N, 50 N, and 75 N was recorded. In group 1, applying progressive loads resulted in an average DRUJ displacement of 4.3, 5.9, and 7.9 mm, respectively. In group 2, the displacement was 5.2, 5.7, and 6.9 mm, respectively. In group 3, the displacement was 6.2, 8.1, and 9.9 mm, respectively. Our study showed a correlation between increase in the load applied to the same injury and the degree of displacement (P = .001). In group 3, the degree of DRUJ displacement was statistically increased compared to the other groups (P = .04). CONCLUSIONS: Migration of the radius under loads implies disruption of both the CB and triangular fibrocartilage complex. The distal oblique bundle by itself does not seem to have a relevant role in radioulnar displacement at the DRUJ. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This study provides insights into the interosseous membrane and stability of the DRUJ, which can contribute to a better understanding of Galeazzi fracture-dislocations. © 2023 The Authors. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsg.2023.06.003 PMCID: PMC10721496