Evidence Search

Current concepts in acromioclavicular joint (AC) instability - a proposed treatment algorithm for acute and chronic AC-joint surgery.

BMC musculoskeletal disorders | 2022 | Berthold DP, Muench LN, Dyrna F, Mazzocca AD

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. 2. EFORT Open Rev. 2018 Jul 17;3(7):426-433. doi: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.170027. eCollection 2018 Jul. Acromioclavicular joint injuries: diagnosis, classification and ligamentoplasty procedures. Sirin E(1), Aydin N(2), Mert Topkar O(1). Author information: (1)Marmara Un...

Acromioclavicular Joint Injury and Repair.

Seminars in musculoskeletal radiology | 2022 | Baren JP, Rowbotham E, Robinson P

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: None declared. 5. Ortop Traumatol Rehabil. 2022 Feb 28;24(1):1-12. doi: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.7800. Clinical Evaluation and Instrumental Diagnostics in Acute Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocation. Bezruchenko S(1), Dolhopolov O(1), Yarova M(1), Luchko R(2), Mazevych V(2). Author information: (1)Scientific, Organization and Meth...

Inter- and Intrarater Reliability of the Acromioclavicular Joint Injury Classification on Anteroposterior Radiographs.

Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine | 2025 | Skjaker SA, Enger M, Pripp AH, Nordsletten L

Conflict of interest statement: One or more of the authors has declared the following potential conflict of interest or source of funding: This study was supported by Sophies Minde Ortopedi AS, which is a subsidiary company of Oslo University Hospital. Sophies Minde Ortopedi AS had no role in the study or writing process. B.B. has been a paid faculty for Smith & Nephew and Orto...

The ISAKOS subclassification of Rockwood type III AC joint dislocations in a stable type A and an unstable type B is not clinically relevant.

Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA | 2024 | Haugaard KB, Bak K, Ryberg D, Muharemovic O

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 20. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2018 Jan;26(1):125-135. doi: 10.1007/s00167-017-4579-6. Epub 2017 May 25. New quantitative radiographic parameters for vertical and horizontal instability in acromioclavicular joint dislocations. Zumstein MA(1), Schiessl P(2), Ambuehl B(2), Bolliger L(2), Weihs J(2), Maurer MH(3), Moor BK(2), Schaer M(2), Raniga S(2...

Rockwood classification of acromioclavicular joint injury (illustration)

Radiopaedia.org | 2024 | Leonardo Lustosa

Current Literature on Acromioclavicular (AC) Joint Injuries

Understanding Acromioclavicular Joint Injuries and its Management, Edition 1 | 2024 | Noel Samuel Macwan

Acromioclavicular Joint Arthrosis as Complication of AC Joint Injuries

Understanding Acromioclavicular Joint Injuries and its Management, Edition 1 | 2024 | Urja Patel, Noel Samuel Macwan

The Reliability of Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocation Classification Systems: A Comparison Between the Rockwood and Kraus Classifications

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine | 2023 | Ausberto Velasquez Garcia, Rodrigo Liendo, Max Ekdahl, Cristobal Calvo

Background: The Rockwood system for the classification of acute acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocations has been associated with a lack of reliability. A novel system has been proposed (Kraus classification) that is based on dynamic posterior translation of these injuries. Purpose: To assess the interobserver and intraobserver reliability of the Rockwood and Kraus classificat...

Clinical Evaluation and Instrumental Diagnostics in Acute Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocation.

Ortopedia, traumatologia, rehabilitacja | 2022 | Bezruchenko S, Dolhopolov O, Yarova M, Luchko R

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 6. J ISAKOS. 2026 Feb;16:101042. doi: 10.1016/j.jisako.2025.101042. Epub 2025 Nov 21. Rockwood type VI acromioclavicular joint dislocations: A systematic review. Van Eecke E(1), Mattelaer E(2), Schroven W(2), Uittenbogaard S(3), den Haan C(4), van den Bekerom MPJ(5). Author information: (1)Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shoulder and Elbow Unit, OLVG, A...

Reliability of the ISAKOS Modification to Subclassify Rockwood Type III Acromioclavicular Joint Injuries.

Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine | 2022 | Velasquez Garcia A, Abdo G

Conflict of interest statement: The authors declared that there are no conflicts of interest in the authorship and publication of this contribution. AOSSM checks author disclosures against the Open Payments Database (OPD). AOSSM has not conducted an independent investigation on the OPD and disclaims any liability or responsibility relating thereto. 10. FP Essent. 2020 Apr;491:2...

Long-term stability of coracoclavicular suture fixation for acute acromioclavicular joint separation.

Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA | 2021 | Panagopoulos A, Fandridis E, Rose GD, Ranieri R

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 16. Orthop J Sports Med. 2025 May 15;13(5):23259671251337470. doi: 10.1177/23259671251337470. eCollection 2025 May. Inter- and Intrarater Reliability of the Acromioclavicular Joint Injury Classification on Anteroposterior Radiographs. Skjaker SA(1)(2), Enger M(1)(2), Pripp AH(3), Nordsletten L(1)(2), Bøe B(1). Author information: (1)Division of Orthopaedic...

Shoulder Conditions: Clavicle and Acromioclavicular Joint Conditions.

FP essentials | 2020 | VanBaak K, Tirabassi J, Aerni G

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 11. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong). 2018 May-Aug;26(2):2309499018777886. doi: 10.1177/2309499018777886. The Rockwood classification in acute acromioclavicular joint injury does not correlate with symptoms. Granville-Chapman J(1), Torrance E(2), Rashid A(3), Funk L(2). Author information: (1)1 Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust, Wexham Park Hospital, Slough, Be...

[Acromioclavicular joint : The "forgotten" joint].

Der Radiologe | 2019 | Krestan C, Pretterklieber B, Pretterklieber M, Kramer J

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 4. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2022 Oct;26(5):597-610. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-1750726. Epub 2022 Dec 19. Acromioclavicular Joint Injury and Repair. Baren JP(1), Rowbotham E(1)(2), Robinson P(1)(2). Author information: (1)Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, United Kingdom. (2)NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Te...

Rockwood classification of acromioclavicular joint injury

Radiopaedia.org | 2019 | Andrew Murphy

Acromioclavicular joint injuries: diagnosis, classification and ligamentoplasty procedures.

EFORT open reviews | 2018 | Sirin E, Aydin N, Mert Topkar O

Conflict of interest statement: ICMJE Conflict of interest statement: None declared. 3. Radiologe. 2019 Mar;59(3):257-272. doi: 10.1007/s00117-019-0495-8. [Acromioclavicular joint : The "forgotten" joint]. [Article in German] Krestan C(1), Pretterklieber B(2), Pretterklieber M(2), Kramer J(3). Author information: (1)Universitätsklinik für Radiologie und Nuklearmedizin, Abteilun...

Interobserver and intraobserver reliability of radiographic classification of acromioclavicular joint dislocations.

Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery | 2018 | Ringenberg JD, Foughty Z, Hall AD, Aldridge JM 3rd

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 9. Orthop J Sports Med. 2022 Dec 19;10(12):23259671221133379. doi: 10.1177/23259671221133379. eCollection 2022 Dec. Reliability of the ISAKOS Modification to Subclassify Rockwood Type III Acromioclavicular Joint Injuries. Velasquez Garcia A(1)(2), Abdo G(2)(3). Author information: (1)Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Clinica Universidad de los Andes, Santi...

The Rockwood classification in acute acromioclavicular joint injury does not correlate with symptoms.

Journal of orthopaedic surgery (Hong Kong) | 2018 | Granville-Chapman J, Torrance E, Rashid A, Funk L

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 12. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2014 May;23(5):665-70. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2014.02.005. Reliability of the classification and treatment of dislocations of the acromioclavicular joint. Cho CH(1), Hwang I(2), Seo JS(3), Choi CH(4), Ko SH(5), Park HB(6), Dan J(7). Author information: (1)Pain Research Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Dongsan Medical Center,...

New quantitative radiographic parameters for vertical and horizontal instability in acromioclavicular joint dislocations.

Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA | 2018 | Zumstein MA, Schiessl P, Ambuehl B, Bolliger L

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: CONFLICT OF INTEREST: All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. FUNDING: No grant was received for this study. ETHICAL APPROVAL: This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors. INFORMED CONSENT: For this type of study formal consent is not requir...

AC Joint Separation

Essential Orthopedic Review | 2018 | Jonathan Hodax

[AC Joint Injuries].

Zentralblatt fur Chirurgie | 2002 | Bosch U, Fremerey RW

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 14. Acta Orthop Belg. 1999 Dec;65(4):393-403. [Acute acromioclavicular dislocations]. [Article in French] Riand N(1), Sadowski C, Hoffmeyer P. Author information: (1)Clinique et policlinique d'orthopédie et de l'appareil moteur, Hôpital Universitaire de Genève. Acromioclavicular dislocations represent over 10% of acute traumatic injuries to the shoulder gi...

Rockwood classification of acromioclavicular joint injury (annotated radiographs)

Radiopaedia.org | 2017 | Jeffrey Hocking

Inter- and intraobserver reliability of the Rockwood classification in acute acromioclavicular joint dislocations.

Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA | 2016 | Schneider MM, Balke M, Koenen P, Fröhlich M

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 8. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2018 Mar;27(3):538-544. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2017.09.021. Epub 2017 Nov 22. Interobserver and intraobserver reliability of radiographic classification of acromioclavicular joint dislocations. Ringenberg JD(1), Foughty Z(2), Hall AD(3), Aldridge JM 3rd(4), Wilson JB(5), Kuremsky MA(5). Author information: (1)Indiana University School...

Classification and management of Lisfranc joint injuries: current concepts

Current Orthopaedic Practice | 2016 | Jorge De-las-Heras Romero

The Lisfranc injury is a relatively rare traumatic pathology but has a significant impact on activities of daily living if not treated early and correctly. It has been shown that an adequate early intervention and an anatomical reduction with preservation of articular cartilage are the most important factors that influence the prognosis of these injuries. Management should, the...

Malnutrition and Orthopedic Injuries

Orthopaedic Trauma in the Austere Environment | 2016 | Sandro Contini

Reliability of the classification and treatment of dislocations of the acromioclavicular joint.

Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery | 2014 | Cho CH, Hwang I, Seo JS, Choi CH

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 13. Zentralbl Chir. 2002 Mar;127(3):203-6. doi: 10.1055/s-2002-24255. [AC Joint Injuries]. [Article in German] Bosch U(1), Fremerey RW. Author information: (1)Unfallchirurgische Klinik, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany. bosch.ulrich@mh-hannover.de There is still controversy about the treatment for acute type III acromioclavicular joint dislocation...

[Acute acromioclavicular dislocations].

Acta orthopaedica Belgica | 1999 | Riand N, Sadowski C, Hoffmeyer P

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 15. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2021 Jul;29(7):2103-2109. doi: 10.1007/s00167-020-06158-3. Epub 2020 Jul 20. Long-term stability of coracoclavicular suture fixation for acute acromioclavicular joint separation. Panagopoulos A(1), Fandridis E(2), Rose GD(3), Ranieri R(4), Castagna A(4)(3), Kokkalis ZT(5), Dimakopoulos P(5). Author information: (1)D...

Acromioclavicular joint instability: anatomy, biomechanics and evaluation.

Joints | 2014 | Saccomanno MF, DE Ieso C, Milano G

18. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2011 Oct;197(4):968-73. doi: 10.2214/AJR.10.6378. MRI versus radiography of acromioclavicular joint dislocation. Nemec U(1), Oberleitner G, Nemec SF, Gruber M, Weber M, Czerny C, Krestan CR. Author information: (1)Department of Radiology, Medical University Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. stefan.nemec@meduniwien.ac.at OBJECTIVE...

Rockwood classification system of acromioclavicular joint injuries

Radiopaedia.org | 2012 | Roberto Schubert

MRI versus radiography of acromioclavicular joint dislocation.

AJR. American journal of roentgenology | 2011 | Nemec U, Oberleitner G, Nemec SF, Gruber M

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 19. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2024 Jul;32(7):1821-1829. doi: 10.1002/ksa.12253. Epub 2024 May 20. The ISAKOS subclassification of Rockwood type III AC joint dislocations in a stable type A and an unstable type B is not clinically relevant. Haugaard KB(1), Bak K(2), Ryberg D(3), Muharemovic O(4), Hölmich P(1), Barfod KW(1). Author information: (1...

Rockwood classification of acromioclavicular joint injury

Radiopaedia.org | 2008 | Frank Gaillard, Bahman Rasuli, Daniel Bell

Acute and Chronic Traumatic Injuries of the Sternoclavicular Joint

Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons | 1996 | Michael A. Wirth, Charles A. Rockwood

Orthopaedic Basic Science and Commmon Sports Injuries

Orthopedic Principles — A Resident's Guide

Scapular, Clavicular, Acromioclavicular and Sternoclavicular Joint Injuries

Medical Radiology | Peter Brys, Eric Geusens