Orthonotes
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Evidence Search

Search reputable indexed orthopaedic literature from multiple scholarly sources, classify the evidence, and link papers directly to wiki topics and cases.

Sources: PubMed, Europe PMC, Crossref

Linking results to Wiki: Arches of the Foot — Anatomy
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Results are classified automatically from source metadata across PubMed, Europe PMC, and Crossref.
PubMed Crossref
PubMed Cohort / Comparative Study Evidence Moderate

Foot and ankle abnormalities among a cohort of Nigerian school children: an epidemiological study.

International orthopaedics | 2020 | Bafor A, Chibuzom CN

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 8. Foot Ankle Surg. 2022 Oct;28(7):1089-1093. doi: 10.1016/j.fas.2022.03.004. Epub 2022 Mar 15. Support system of Lisfranc joint complex: An anatomical investigation with an evolutionary perspective. Lalwani R(1), Kotgirwar S(2), Athavale SA(3). Author information: (1)Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, M.P., India. Elec...

PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity: Anatomy, Biomechanics, Staging, and Imaging Findings.

Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc | 2019 | Flores DV, Mejía Gómez C, Fernández Hernando M, Davis MA

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 2. Foot Ankle. 1983 May-Jun;3(6):365-76. doi: 10.1177/107110078300300605. Evolution of the human foot: evidence from Plio-Pleistocene hominids. Susman RL. The human foot serves a dual role during locomotion. It functions at times as a mobile structure and at times as a rigid lever. The human foot shows the hallmarks of an arboreal heritage wherein the foot...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Plantar Fibromatosis.

Journal unavailable | 2026 | Meyers AL, Marquart MJ

Conflict of interest statement: Disclosure: Amy Meyers declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies. Disclosure: Matthew Marquart declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies. 5. Gait Posture. 2017 Oct;58:159-165. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2017.07.108. Epub 2017 Jul 21. Foot structure is significantly associated to subtalar join...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Anatomy, Bony Pelvis and Lower Limb: Leg Lateral Compartment.

Journal unavailable | 2026 | Khan IA, Mahabadi N, D'Abarno A, Varacallo MA

Conflict of interest statement: Disclosure: Irfan Khan declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies. Disclosure: Navid Mahabadi declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies. Disclosure: Anthony D'Abarno declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies. Disclosure: Matthew Varacallo declares no relevant fi...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Support system of Lisfranc joint complex: An anatomical investigation with an evolutionary perspective.

Foot and ankle surgery : official journal of the European Society of Foot and Ankle Surgeons | 2022 | Lalwani R, Kotgirwar S, Athavale SA

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 9. Sci Rep. 2019 Nov 20;9(1):17187. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-53459-w. The association between high-arched feet, plantar pressure distribution and body posture in young women. Woźniacka R(1), Oleksy Ł(2)(3), Jankowicz-Szymańska A(4), Mika A(5), Kielnar R(6), Stolarczyk A(2)(7). Author information: (1)Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Motor Rehabilitation, Un...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Properties and Function of the Flexor Hallucis Capsularis Interphalangeus Tendon.

Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.) | 2020 | Thomas RL, Kuiper JH, Knight TP

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 4. Plantar Fibromatosis. Meyers AL(1), Marquart MJ. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2026 Jan–. 2024 Feb 28. Author information: (1)Ascension Genesys Plantar fibromatosis is a benign, fibroblastic, proliferative connective tissue disorder of the superficial plantar aponeurosis. This condition, also known as Ledderhose...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

The association between high-arched feet, plantar pressure distribution and body posture in young women.

Scientific reports | 2019 | Woźniacka R, Oleksy Ł, Jankowicz-Szymańska A, Mika A

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no competing interests. 10. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2014 Aug;58(8):758-64. doi: 10.1111/jir.12087. Epub 2013 Aug 19. The effects of low arched feet on foot rotation during gait in children with Down syndrome. Galli M(1), Cimolin V, Rigoldi C, Pau M, Costici P, Albertini G. Author information: (1)Dipartim...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Foot structure is significantly associated to subtalar joint kinetics and mechanical energetics.

Gait & posture | 2017 | Maharaj JN, Cresswell AG, Lichtwark GA

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 6. J Bone Miner Res. 2017 Sep;32(9):1915-1925. doi: 10.1002/jbmr.3185. Epub 2017 Jul 6. Functional Adaptation of the Calcaneus in Historical Foot Binding. Reznikov N(1), Phillips C(2), Cooke M(2), Garbout A(3), Ahmed F(3), Stevens MM(1). Author information: (1)Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, I...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Functional Adaptation of the Calcaneus in Historical Foot Binding.

Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research | 2017 | Reznikov N, Phillips C, Cooke M, Garbout A

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 7. Int Orthop. 2020 Jun;44(6):1169-1175. doi: 10.1007/s00264-020-04568-z. Epub 2020 Apr 23. Foot and ankle abnormalities among a cohort of Nigerian school children: an epidemiological study. Bafor A(1), Chibuzom CN(2). Author information: (1)Department of Orthopaedics & Trauma, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, PMB1111, Benin City, Nigeria. anirejuori...

PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Functional anatomy and imaging of the foot.

Italian journal of anatomy and embryology = Archivio italiano di anatomia ed embriologia | 2001 | Ridola C, Palma A

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 16. Clin Biomech (Bristol). 2007 Feb;22(2):221-9. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2006.09.009. Epub 2006 Nov 22. Nonlinear finite element analysis for musculoskeletal biomechanics of medial and lateral plantar longitudinal arch of Virtual Chinese Human after plantar ligamentous structure failures. Wu L(1). Author information: (1)Department of Biomedical Enginee...

PubMed Case Report / Series Evidence Low

One-stage reconstruction of the complex midfoot defect with a multiple osteotomized free fibular osteocutaneous flap: case report and literature review.

Microsurgery | 2010 | Lykoudis EG, Dimitrios P, Alexandros BE

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 14. J Morphol. 1979 Sep;161(3):337-345. doi: 10.1002/jmor.1051610307. The extensor assembly in two species of opossum, Philander opossum and Didelphis marsupialis. Landsmeer JMF(1). Author information: (1)Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Leiden, Wassenaarseweg 62, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands. In considering primate and hominoid phylo...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

The effects of low arched feet on foot rotation during gait in children with Down syndrome.

Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR | 2014 | Galli M, Cimolin V, Rigoldi C, Pau M

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 11. Anatomy, Bony Pelvis and Lower Limb: Leg Lateral Compartment. Khan IA(1), Mahabadi N(2), D'Abarno A(3), Varacallo MA(4). In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2026 Jan–. 2023 Aug 14. Author information: (1)LSU Health - New Orleans (2)A.T. Still University (3)Midwestern Un Chicago College of OM (4)Penn Highlands Healthc...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

A study of calcaneal enthesophytes (spurs) in Indian population.

International journal of applied & basic medical research | 2014 | Kullar JS, Randhawa GK, Kullar KK

Conflict of interest statement: Conflict of Interest: None declared. 18. Proc Biol Sci. 2013 Aug 21;280(1769):20131818. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2013.1818. Print 2013 Oct 22. The evolution of compliance in the human lateral mid-foot. Bates KT(1), Collins D, Savage R, McClymont J, Webster E, Pataky TC, D'Aout K, Sellers WI, Bennett MR, Crompton RH. Author information: (1)Department of...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

The evolution of compliance in the human lateral mid-foot.

Proceedings. Biological sciences | 2013 | Bates KT, Collins D, Savage R, McClymont J

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 19. J Anat. 1976 Jul;121(Pt 3):599-611. Plantar aponeurosis and internal architecture of the ball of the foot. Bojsen-Moller F, Flagstad KE. On the basis of its internal structure, the ball of the foot can be divided into three transverse areas, each with a different mechanical function: (1) an area proximal to the heads of the metatarsals in which the ret...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Nonlinear finite element analysis for musculoskeletal biomechanics of medial and lateral plantar longitudinal arch of Virtual Chinese Human after plantar ligamentous structure failures.

Clinical biomechanics (Bristol, Avon) | 2007 | Wu L

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 17. Int J Appl Basic Med Res. 2014 Sep;4(Suppl 1):S13-6. doi: 10.4103/2229-516X.140709. A study of calcaneal enthesophytes (spurs) in Indian population. Kullar JS(1), Randhawa GK(2), Kullar KK(3). Author information: (1)Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India. (2)Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College, Amr...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Anatomic study of the deep plantar arch.

Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.) | 2005 | Ozer MA, Govsa F, Bilge O

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 13. Microsurgery. 2010;30(1):64-9. doi: 10.1002/micr.20687. One-stage reconstruction of the complex midfoot defect with a multiple osteotomized free fibular osteocutaneous flap: case report and literature review. Lykoudis EG(1), Dimitrios P, Alexandros BE. Author information: (1)Department of Plastic Surgery, Ioannina University School of Medicine, Ioannin...

PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Evolution of the human foot: evidence from Plio-Pleistocene hominids.

Foot & ankle | 1983 | Susman RL

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 3. Clin Anat. 2020 Jul;33(5):689-695. doi: 10.1002/ca.23490. Epub 2019 Oct 17. Properties and Function of the Flexor Hallucis Capsularis Interphalangeus Tendon. Thomas RL(1), Kuiper JH(2), Knight TP(3). Author information: (1)Plastic Surgery Department, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, United Kingdom. (2)Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

The extensor assembly in two species of opossum, Philander opossum and Didelphis marsupialis.

Journal of morphology | 1979 | Landsmeer JMF

15. Ital J Anat Embryol. 2001 Apr-Jun;106(2):85-98. Functional anatomy and imaging of the foot. Ridola C(1), Palma A. Author information: (1)Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Palermo Human Anatomy Section. The foot is constituted from a series of small bones making a segmented structure with multiple joints, likened to a dome, in contact with the ground in thre...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Plantar aponeurosis and internal architecture of the ball of the foot.

Journal of anatomy | 1976 | Bojsen-Moller F, Flagstad KE

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 20. Biomed Eng Online. 2024 Aug 21;23(1):83. doi: 10.1186/s12938-024-01282-4. Predictors of flatfoot in 11-12-year olds: a longitudinal cohort study. Yamashita T(1)(2), Sato M(3), Ata S(4), Yamashita K(5)(6). Author information: (1)Department of Clinical Engineering, Faculty of Human Care at Makuhari, Tohto University, 1-1 Hibino, Mihama-Ku, Chiba, 261-002...