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Evidence Search

Search reputable indexed orthopaedic literature from multiple scholarly sources, classify the evidence, and link papers directly to wiki topics and cases.

Sources: PubMed, Europe PMC, Crossref

Linking results to Wiki: Nonunion & Bone Transport — Ilizarov
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Results are classified automatically from source metadata across PubMed, Europe PMC, and Crossref.
PubMed Crossref
PubMed Randomized Controlled Trial Evidence High

Prospective randomized comparison of bone transport versus Masquelet technique in infected gap nonunion of tibia.

Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery | 2022 | Rohilla R, Sharma PK, Wadhwani J, Das J

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 7. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2018 Dec 13;19(1):442. doi: 10.1186/s12891-018-2363-5. Infection-free rates and Sequelae predict factors in bone transportation for infected tibia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Zhang Z(1)(2), Swanson WB(2), Wang YH(3), Lin W(4), Wang G(5). Author information: (1)Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan...

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PubMed Systematic Review / Meta-analysis Evidence High

Infection-free rates and Sequelae predict factors in bone transportation for infected tibia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BMC musculoskeletal disorders | 2018 | Zhang Z, Swanson WB, Wang YH, Lin W

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: ETHICS APPROVAL AND CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE: Not applicable. CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION: Not applicable. COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. PUBLISHER’S NOTE: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. 8. Ann M...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

External fixation of the lower extremities: Biomechanical perspective and recent innovations.

Injury | 2019 | Bliven EK, Greinwald M, Hackl S, Augat P

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 4. Clin Orthop Surg. 2015 Jun;7(2):248-53. doi: 10.4055/cios.2015.7.2.248. Epub 2015 May 18. Bone Transport for Reconstruction in Benign Bone Tumors. Oh CS(1), Jung ST(1), Cho YJ(2), Ahn YS(1), Na BR(1). Author information: (1)Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea...

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PubMed Cohort / Comparative Study Evidence Moderate

Bifocal Compression-Distraction for Combined Bone and Soft-Tissue Defects in Post-traumatic Tibial Nonunion.

Journal of orthopaedic trauma | 2019 | Thakeb MF, Fayyad TA, ElGebeily MA, Diab RA

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 10. Injury. 2013 Jan;44 Suppl 1:S58-62. doi: 10.1016/S0020-1383(13)70014-7. Clinical strategies at the docking site of distraction osteogenesis: are open procedures superior to the simple compression of Ilizarov? Lovisetti G(1), Sala F. Author information: (1)Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Menaggio Hospital, Menaggio (CO), Italy. This r...

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PubMed Cohort / Comparative Study Evidence Moderate

Acute shortening versus bone transport for the treatment of infected femur non-unions with bone defects.

Injury | 2019 | Sen C, Demirel M, Sağlam Y, Balcı HI

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 16. J Clin Orthop Trauma. 2023 Sep 22;44:102255. doi: 10.1016/j.jcot.2023.102255. eCollection 2023 Sep. Limb salvage and functional recovery in infected nonunion of the distal tibia treated with the Ilizarov techniques. Shastov AL(1), Mikhailov AG(2), Kliushin NM(3), Malkova TA(4). Author information: (1)Orthopaedic Surgeon, Bone and Joint Infection Clinic...

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PubMed Cohort / Comparative Study Evidence Moderate

Bone transport versus acute shortening for the management of infected tibial non-unions with bone defects.

Injury | 2017 | Tetsworth K, Paley D, Sen C, Jaffe M

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 12. Injury. 2021 Aug;52(8):2425-2433. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2019.12.025. Epub 2019 Dec 17. Ilizarov segmental bone transport of infected tibial nonunions requiring extensive debridement with an average distraction length of 9,5 centimetres. Is it safe? Kinik H(1), Kalem M(2). Author information: (1)Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Ankara Universi...

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PubMed Cohort / Comparative Study Evidence Moderate

Ilizarov Treatment Protocols in the Management of Infected Nonunion of the Tibia.

Journal of orthopaedic trauma | 2017 | McNally M, Ferguson J, Kugan R, Stubbs D

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 14. J Orthop. 2023 Aug 14;44:47-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jor.2023.08.003. eCollection 2023 Oct. Use of locked plates and mono-rail fixator in segmental tibial defects: A prospective interventional study. Kunwar BB(1), Maheshwari V(1), Dhingra M(1), Bhagat S(1), Pv C(1), Vardhan S(1). Author information: (1)Department of Orthopedics, All India Institute of Medica...

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PubMed Cohort / Comparative Study Evidence Moderate

Clinical strategies at the docking site of distraction osteogenesis: are open procedures superior to the simple compression of Ilizarov?

Injury | 2013 | Lovisetti G, Sala F

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 11. Injury. 2017 Oct;48(10):2276-2284. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2017.07.018. Epub 2017 Jul 12. Bone transport versus acute shortening for the management of infected tibial non-unions with bone defects. Tetsworth K(1), Paley D(2), Sen C(3), Jaffe M(4), Maar DC(5), Glatt V(6), Hohmann E(7), Herzenberg JE(8). Author information: (1)Department of Orthopaedic Surg...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Ilizarov Method for the Management of Infected Nonunion of the Femur With or Without Bony Defects.

Cureus | 2026 | Balo NR, Mollah MAG, Shetu NH, Rahaman MS

Conflict of interest statement: Human subjects: Informed consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Institutional Review Board of the National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedic Rehabilitation (NITOR) issued approval NITOR/ACADEMY/2019/22. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not...

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PubMed Case Report / Series Evidence Low

Extreme bone lengthening by bone transport with a unifocal tibial corticotomy: a case report.

BMC musculoskeletal disorders | 2019 | Wen H, Yang H, Xu Y

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. 18. Br J Hosp Med. 1997 Apr 16-May 6;57(8):399-404. Leg lengthening and bone transport in children. Hill RA(1), Tucker SK. Author information: (1)Hospital for Sick Children, London. It is now possible to reliably lengthen limbs for inequality or short stature by dist...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Use of locked plates and mono-rail fixator in segmental tibial defects: A prospective interventional study.

Journal of orthopaedics | 2023 | Kunwar BB, Maheshwari V, Dhingra M, Bhagat S

Conflict of interest statement: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. 15. Injury. 2019 Nov;50(11):2075-2083. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2019.08.021. Epub 2019 Aug 16. Acute shortening versus bone transport for the treatment of infected femur non-unions with bone defects. Sen C(1), Demir...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Limb salvage and functional recovery in infected nonunion of the distal tibia treated with the Ilizarov techniques.

Journal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma | 2023 | Shastov AL, Mikhailov AG, Kliushin NM, Malkova TA

Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. 17. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2019 Nov 20;20(1):555. doi: 10.1186/s12891-019-2927-z. Extreme bone lengthening by bone transport with a unifocal tibial corticotomy: a case report...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Masquelet-Ilizarov technique for the management of bone loss post debridement of infected tibial nonunion.

International orthopaedics | 2022 | Khaled A, El-Gebaly O, El-Rosasy M

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no competing interests. 2. Cureus. 2026 Mar 26;18(3):e105914. doi: 10.7759/cureus.105914. eCollection 2026 Mar. Ilizarov Method for the Management of Infected Nonunion of the Femur With or Without Bony Defects. Balo NR(1), Mollah MAG(1), Shetu NH(1), Rahaman MS(1), Siddique ANA(1), Mahmud BR(1). Author in...

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Crossref Journal Article Evidence Unclassified

Evolution and Development of Ilizarov Technique in the Treatment of Infected Long Bone Nonunion with or without Bone Defects

Orthopaedic Surgery | 2022 | Jun Li, Mingxin Li, Wenzhao Wang, Bohua Li

The treatment of infected bone nonunion and bone defects is a considerable challenge in the orthopedics field. The standard clinical therapy methods include local free bone transplantation, vascularized bone graft, and the Ilizarov technique; the first two are controversial due to the iatrogenic self‐injury. The Ilizarov bone transport technique has been widely used to treat in...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

The efficacy of ilizarov method for management of long tibial bone and soft tissue defect.

Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) | 2021 | Miraj F, Nugroho A, Dalitan IM, Setyarani M

Conflict of interest statement: The authors stated that there is no conflict of interest to disclose. 9. J Orthop Trauma. 2019 Oct;33(10):e372-e377. doi: 10.1097/BOT.0000000000001514. Bifocal Compression-Distraction for Combined Bone and Soft-Tissue Defects in Post-traumatic Tibial Nonunion. Thakeb MF(1), Fayyad TA(1), ElGebeily MA(1), Diab RA(1), El Zahlawy H(1), Sharafeldin M...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Ilizarov segmental bone transport of infected tibial nonunions requiring extensive debridement with an average distraction length of 9,5 centimetres. Is it safe?

Injury | 2021 | Kinik H, Kalem M

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Declaration of Competing Interest None of the authors do have any financial interest, any other relationship with a commercial company or a conflict of interest related directly or indirectly to this research. 13. J Orthop Trauma. 2017 Oct;31 Suppl 5:S47-S54. doi: 10.1097/BOT.0000000000000987. Ilizarov Treatment Protocols in...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Presentation and outcome of femoral infected non-unions in children and adolescents.

Pakistan journal of medical sciences | 2021 | Bakhsh K, Zimri FK, Mohammad E, Atiq-Ur-Rehman

Conflict of interest statement: Conflicts of Interest: None. 20. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2025 Sep 17;21:1369-1382. doi: 10.2147/TCRM.S525768. eCollection 2025. Clinical Outcomes of Ilizarov Bone Transport for Distal Tibial Defects in Refractory Osteomyelitis: A Retrospective Study. Alimujiang A(#)(1), Jia Q(#)(1), Guo J(1), Zhang J(1), Wang X(1), Zhao M(1), Ouzhabayier M(2), Wang...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Bone Transport for Reconstruction in Benign Bone Tumors.

Clinics in orthopedic surgery | 2015 | Oh CS, Jung ST, Cho YJ, Ahn YS

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: CONFLICT OF INTEREST: No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported. 5. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1989 Jun;(243):71-9. Local bone transportation for treatment of intercalary defects by the Ilizarov technique. Biomechanical and clinical considerations. Aronson J(1), Johnson E, Harp JH. Author informatio...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Leg lengthening and bone transport in children.

British journal of hospital medicine | 1997 | Hill RA, Tucker SK

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 19. Pak J Med Sci. 2021 Jan-Feb;37(1):201-205. doi: 10.12669/pjms.37.1.3354. Presentation and outcome of femoral infected non-unions in children and adolescents. Bakhsh K(1), Zimri FK(2), Mohammad E(3), Atiq-Ur-Rehman(4), Saaiq M(5). Author information: (1)Dr. Karim Bakhsh, FCPS. Department of Orthopedics, Bolan Medical Complex Hospital, Quetta, Pakistan....

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Local bone transportation for treatment of intercalary defects by the Ilizarov technique. Biomechanical and clinical considerations.

Clinical orthopaedics and related research | 1989 | Aronson J, Johnson E, Harp JH

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 6. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2022 Aug;142(8):1923-1932. doi: 10.1007/s00402-021-03935-8. Epub 2021 May 13. Prospective randomized comparison of bone transport versus Masquelet technique in infected gap nonunion of tibia. Rohilla R(1), Sharma PK(2), Wadhwani J(3), Das J, Singh R(3), Beniwal D(1). Author information: (1)Department of Sports Medicine, PGIMS, P...

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