HO = abnormal bone formation in periarticular soft tissues after surgery or trauma. Incidence after THA: 20–50%; clinically significant in 5–10%. Risk factors: male sex, hypertrophic OA, ankylosing spondylitis, previous HO. Classification: Brooker I–IV (X-ray based). Prophylaxis: NSAIDs, radiotherapy; treatment = excision if severe functional limitation.
What is the primary risk factor for developing heterotopic ossification (HO) after total hip arthroplasty (THA)?
Which classification system is used to describe the severity of heterotopic ossification?
Which of the following statements about the pathophysiology of heterotopic ossification is true?
What is the most commonly recommended pharmacological prophylaxis for preventing heterotopic ossification after THA?
Which Brooker classification indicates a near-complete loss of hip motion due to heterotopic ossification?
In the context of heterotopic ossification, which condition is associated with particularly severe and aggressive HO?
What is the role of radiotherapy in the prevention of heterotopic ossification?
Which of the following is NOT considered a risk factor for developing heterotopic ossification after THA?
What is the time frame for heterotopic ossification to fully mature post-surgery?
When is surgical excision of heterotopic ossification typically indicated?
