Orthonotes
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Evidence Search

Search reputable indexed orthopaedic literature from multiple scholarly sources, classify the evidence, and link papers directly to wiki topics and cases.

Sources: PubMed, Europe PMC, Crossref

Linking results to Wiki: Pes Planus - Flat foot
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Results are classified automatically from source metadata across PubMed, Europe PMC, and Crossref.
PubMed Crossref
PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Calcaneal Osteotomies.

Clinics in podiatric medicine and surgery | 2026 | MacGill A, Hendricks D, Leaman M, Perry D

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 8. Clin Podiatr Med Surg. 1989 Jul;6(3):477-89. Flatfoot overview. Lepow GM(1), Valenza PL. Author information: (1)Lepow Podiatric Medical Associates, Houston, Texas. The pathologic condition pes planus has been noted in orthopedic and podiatric literature for a number of years. The many scientific and technical terms assigned to the condition have become...

PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Flatfoot: New diagnostic modalities.

Orthopaedics & traumatology, surgery & research : OTSR | 2026 | Lalevée M, Dagneaux L, Lintz F, de Cesar Netto C

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Declaration of competing interest Related to this study: François Lintz: CurveBeam AI; Cesar de Cesar Netto: CurveBeam AI. Outside this study: Matthieu Lalevée: Associate Editor OTSR; Louis Dagneaux: L. Dagneaux reports a MUSE Explorer Grant from the University of Montpelier, a Research Fellowship Grant from SOFCOT, consulti...

PubMed Cohort / Comparative Study Evidence Moderate

From Asymptomatic Flatfoot to Progressive Collapsing Foot Deformity: Peritalar Subluxation Is the Main Driver of Symptoms.

The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume | 2025 | de Cesar Netto C, Barbachan Mansur NS, Talaski G, Jasper RP

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Disclosure: This study had part of its costs supported by an internal seed grand from the University of Iowa. The Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest forms are provided with the online version of the article ( http://links.lww.com/JBJS/I752 ). 16. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2024 Aug 15;32(16):e795-e806. doi: 10.5435/JA...

PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Foot Conditions in Adults: Common Foot Deformities.

FP essentials | 2025 | Horsley K, Cherry A, Morrison LA, Clayborne C

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 19. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 2026 Feb;112(1S):104415. doi: 10.1016/j.otsr.2025.104415. Epub 2025 Sep 9. Flatfoot: New diagnostic modalities. Lalevée M(1), Dagneaux L(2), Lintz F(3), de Cesar Netto C(4). Author information: (1)Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, CETAPS UR3832, Groupe d'Etude Normand Interdisciplinaire de l'Appareil Locomoteur (GENIAL) F-76000 Rouen...

PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Orthotic Devices for the Foot and Ankle.

The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons | 2024 | An TW, Berke G, Beattie W, Chan JY

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 17. Foot Ankle Clin. 2017 Sep;22(3):643-656. doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2017.04.008. Epub 2017 Jun 3. Pediatric Flatfoot: Pearls and Pitfalls. Ford SE(1), Scannell BP(2). Author information: (1)Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Levine Children's Hospital, Carolinas HealthCare System, 1025 Morehead Medical Drive, Suite 300, Charlotte, NC 28204, USA. (2)Department...

PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Diagnostics, evaluation and treatment of flat feet in children.

Ugeskrift for laeger | 2023 | Arildsen CM, Balslev-Clausen A, Wong C

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 6. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2021 Feb 1;33(1):105-113. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000000977. Pediatric orthopedic mythbusters: the truth about flexible flatfeet, tibial and femoral torsion, W-sitting, and idiopathic toe-walking. Honig EL(1), Haeberle HS(2), Kehoe CM(2), Dodwell ER(2). Author information: (1)Weill Cornell Medical College. (2)The Hospital for Special...

PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Pediatric orthopedic mythbusters: the truth about flexible flatfeet, tibial and femoral torsion, W-sitting, and idiopathic toe-walking.

Current opinion in pediatrics | 2021 | Honig EL, Haeberle HS, Kehoe CM, Dodwell ER

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 7. Clin Podiatr Med Surg. 2026 Jan;43(1):53-68. doi: 10.1016/j.cpm.2025.07.005. Epub 2025 Oct 13. Calcaneal Osteotomies. MacGill A(1), Hendricks D(2), Leaman M(2), Perry D(2). Author information: (1)Podiatric Medicine and Surgery Residency Program, HCA Florida Northwest Hospital, Margate, FL, USA. Electronic address: alanmacgill@gmail.com. (2)Podiatric Med...

PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Evans Osteotomy Complications.

Foot and ankle clinics | 2017 | Jara ME

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 13. Foot Ankle Clin. 2003 Sep;8(3):563-7, ix-x. doi: 10.1016/s1083-7515(03)00064-0. Lateral-sided bony procedures. Gallina J(1), Sands AK. Author information: (1)Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Beth Israel Medical Center, 10 Union Square East, Suite 3L, New York, NY 10003, USA. Treatment of any hindfoot deformity should include correction of the defo...

PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Pediatric Flatfoot: Pearls and Pitfalls.

Foot and ankle clinics | 2017 | Ford SE, Scannell BP

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 18. FP Essent. 2025 Oct;557:19-23. Foot Conditions in Adults: Common Foot Deformities. Horsley K(1), Cherry A(2), Morrison LA(3), Clayborne C(2). Author information: (1)Department of Orthopaedics Eastern Division - WVU School of Medicine, Morgantown, VA. (2)Department of Family Medicine Eastern Division - West Virginia University (WVU) School of Medicine,...

PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Pediatric Pes Planus: A State-of-the-Art Review.

Pediatrics | 2016 | Carr JB 2nd, Yang S, Lather LA

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 3. J Orthop Sci. 2019 Jan;24(1):9-13. doi: 10.1016/j.jos.2018.09.018. Epub 2018 Oct 23. Pathology and management of flexible flat foot in children. Ueki Y(1), Sakuma E(2), Wada I(3). Author information: (1)Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nagoya City University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan. (2)Department of Integrative Anatomy,...

PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Adult flatfoot.

Orthopaedics & traumatology, surgery & research : OTSR | 2015 | Toullec E

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 2. Pediatrics. 2016 Mar;137(3):e20151230. doi: 10.1542/peds.2015-1230. Epub 2016 Feb 17. Pediatric Pes Planus: A State-of-the-Art Review. Carr JB 2nd(1), Yang S(1), Lather LA(2). Author information: (1)Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia. (2)Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlott...

PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Painful Flexible Flatfoot.

Foot and ankle clinics | 2015 | Sheikh Taha AM, Feldman DS

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 10. Foot Ankle Clin. 2003 Sep;8(3):503-20. doi: 10.1016/s1083-7515(03)00123-2. Soft tissue procedures. Sitler DF(1), Bell SJ. Author information: (1)Department of Orthopaedics, Naval Medical Center San Diego, 34800 Bob Wilson Drive, Suite 112, San Diego, CA 92134-1112, USA. dfsitler@nmcsd.men.navy.mil Soft tissue procedures for PTT dysfunction and adult ac...

Crossref Journal Article Evidence Unclassified

The Role of Ultrasound Imaging in Pes Planus (Flat Foot Deformity)—What Sonographers Need to Know

Sonography | 2026 | Sumi Shrestha‐Taylor

ABSTRACT Pes planus (flatfoot or pes planovalgus) is a common condition within the general population; however, it remains under‐recognised as a potential contributor to a wide range of lower limb pathologies in both adult and paediatric patients. Furthermore, the role of ultrasound in patients with pes planus is not well established in the existing literature. This paper revie...

Crossref Journal Article Evidence Unclassified

Correlation Between Pes Planus (Flat Foot) and Anterior Knee Pain (Patello-Femoral Pain Syndrome) Among Obese Homemakers

International Journal of Health Sciences and Research | 2024 | Pranidhi Thakore

Background: Pes planus causes tibial rotation, that has been suggested to link movements in the foot and lower leg, so an abnormal alignment of the foot can affect the mechanics of the patellofemoral joint which leads to pain. This leads to Anterior Knee pain that aggravates on activities like: Ascending stairs, Kneeling, Frequent sitting and rising. Musculoskeletal disease is...

Crossref Journal Article Evidence Unclassified

KARBON TABANLIK KULLANIMININ PES PLANUS VE PES KAVUSU OLAN BİREYLERDE AYAK PLANTAR BASINÇ DAĞILIMINA ETKİSİ

Türk Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi | 2022 | Can TURAN, Gülay ARAS BAYRAM

Amaç: Çalışmada kişiye özel üretilen karbon tabanlık kullanımının, pes planus veya pes kavusu olan bireylerde dinamik ve statik plantar basınç analizine etkisini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya tabanlık kullanması reçete edilen 30 gönüllü birey cinsiyet ayrımı gözetmeksizin dahil edildi. Ağrı değerlendirmesi için Görsel Analog Skala (GAS), dinamik ve statik plan...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

A guide to the management of paediatric pes planus.

Australian journal of general practice | 2020 | Turner C, Gardiner MD, Midgley A, Stefanis A

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 5. Ugeskr Laeger. 2023 Jan 9;185(2):V04220235. Diagnostics, evaluation and treatment of flat feet in children. [Article in Danish] Arildsen CM(1), Balslev-Clausen A(2), Wong C(1). Author information: (1)Ortopædkirurgisk Afdeling, Københavns Universitetshospital - Hvidovre Hospital. (2)Afdeling for Led- og Knoglekirurgi, Københavns Universitetshospital - Ri...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Pathology and management of flexible flat foot in children.

Journal of orthopaedic science : official journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association | 2019 | Ueki Y, Sakuma E, Wada I

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 4. Aust J Gen Pract. 2020 May;49(5):245-249. doi: 10.31128/AJGP-09-19-5089. A guide to the management of paediatric pes planus. Turner C(1), Gardiner MD(2), Midgley A(3), Stefanis A(4). Author information: (1)BSc, MBBS, GCSpMed, Advanced@Trainee @ Rehabilitation Medicine@. (2)MBBS (Hons I), FRACGP, FAFRM (RACP), Senior Staff Specialist @ Aged Care Assessme...

PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Soft tissue procedures.

Foot and ankle clinics | 2003 | Sitler DF, Bell SJ

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 11. Oper Orthop Traumatol. 2016 Jun;28(3):177-92. doi: 10.1007/s00064-016-0438-8. Epub 2016 Feb 19. [Subtalar arthrodesis]. [Article in German] Fuhrmann RA(1), Pillukat T(2). Author information: (1)Klinik für Fuß- und Sprunggelenkchirurgie, Rhön-Klinikum, Salzburger Leite 1, 97616, Bad Neustadt, Deutschland. ReneeAndrea.Fuhrmann@fusschirurgie-bad-neustadt....

PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Lateral-sided bony procedures.

Foot and ankle clinics | 2003 | Gallina J, Sands AK

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 14. Rev Prat. 1997 Jan 1;47(1):32-6. [Flatfoot]. [Article in French] Delagoutte JP(1), Mainard D. Author information: (1)Service de chirurgie orthopédicue et traumatique, CHU de Nancy, Hôpital Central. The flat foot is a very frequent cause of consultation in podology. The lesion is rapidly fixed, and osteoarthrosis appears. The diagnosis is clinical. A po...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

[Subtalar arthrodesis].

Operative Orthopadie und Traumatologie | 2016 | Fuhrmann RA, Pillukat T

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 12. Foot Ankle Clin. 2017 Sep;22(3):573-585. doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2017.04.006. Epub 2017 Jun 13. Evans Osteotomy Complications. Jara ME(1). Author information: (1)Orthopaedic Department, Clínica Dávila, Santiago, Chile. Electronic address: mjabalos.tmt@gmail.com. In 1975, Evans published an article describing the surgical management of the "calcaneo-valgus d...

PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Flatfoot overview.

Clinics in podiatric medicine and surgery | 1989 | Lepow GM, Valenza PL

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 9. Foot Ankle Clin. 2015 Dec;20(4):693-704. doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2015.07.011. Epub 2015 Oct 23. Painful Flexible Flatfoot. Sheikh Taha AM(1), Feldman DS(2). Author information: (1)Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10003, USA. (2)Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Ce...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

[Flatfoot].

La Revue du praticien | 1997 | Delagoutte JP, Mainard D

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 15. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2025 Sep 17;107(18):2060-2068. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.24.01619. Epub 2025 Aug 4. From Asymptomatic Flatfoot to Progressive Collapsing Foot Deformity: Peritalar Subluxation Is the Main Driver of Symptoms. de Cesar Netto C(1)(2), Barbachan Mansur NS(1)(2), Talaski G(2), Jasper RP(2), Schmidt E(2), de Carvalho KAM(1)(2), Dibbern K(2)(3)(4...