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Evidence Search

Search reputable indexed orthopaedic literature from multiple scholarly sources, classify the evidence, and link papers directly to wiki topics and cases.

Sources: PubMed, Europe PMC, Crossref

Linking results to Wiki: Cervical Spine Trauma — Subaxial
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Results are classified automatically from source metadata across PubMed, Europe PMC, and Crossref.
PubMed Crossref
PubMed Cohort / Comparative Study Evidence Moderate

Surgical Management of Facet Fracture Dislocations of the Subaxial Spine: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews | 2025 | Callaway J, Shahzad H, Tse S, Frei A

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 11. Eur Spine J. 2023 Apr;32(4):1291-1299. doi: 10.1007/s00586-023-07532-8. Epub 2023 Feb 9. Pediatric cervical spine injuries-results of the German multicenter CHILDSPINE study. Jarvers JS(#)(1), Herren C(#)(2), Jung MK(3), Blume C(4), Meinig H(5), Ruf M(5), Weiß T(6), Rüther H(7), Welk T(8), Badke A(9), Gonschorek O(6), Heyde CE(10), Kandziora F(11), Kno...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Traumatic Cervical Facet Fractures and Dislocations.

Clinical spine surgery | 2024 | Wang J, Kumar A, Shimer AL, Su BW

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest. 2. J Orthop Trauma. 2017 Sep;31 Suppl 4:S14-S23. doi: 10.1097/BOT.0000000000000947. AOSpine Classification Systems (Subaxial, Thoracolumbar). Schnake KJ(1), Schroeder GD, Vaccaro AR, Oner C. Author information: (1)*Center for Spine and Scoliosis Surgery, Schön Klinik Nürnberg Fürt...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Pediatric Cervical Spine Trauma: A Narrative Review.

Clinical spine surgery | 2024 | Zhang JK, Hongsermeier-Graves N, Savic B, Nadel J

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest. 4. Asian J Surg. 2023 Dec;46(12):5828-5829. doi: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2023.08.162. Epub 2023 Aug 30. Vertical dislocation of subaxial cervical spine. Hu X(1), Chang W(2). Author information: (1)From the Department of Spine Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, No 32 R...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Management of Acute Subaxial Trauma and Spinal Cord Injury in Professional Collision Athletes.

Clinical spine surgery | 2022 | Patel PD, Divi SN, Canseco JA, Donnally CJ 3rd

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Dr Schroeder has received funds to travel from AO Spine and Medtronic. Dr Vaccaro has consulted or has done independent contracting for DePuy, Medtronic, Stryker Spine, Globus, Stout Medical, Gerson Lehrman Group, Guidepoint Global, Medacorp, Innovative Surgical Design, Orthobullets, Ellipse, and Vertex. He has also served o...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

[Skull and cervical spine fractures].

Der Radiologe | 2020 | Langner S, Roloff AM, Schraven SP, Weber MA

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 7. Radiographics. 2014 Nov-Dec;34(7):1842-65. doi: 10.1148/rg.347130094. Multidetector CT of blunt cervical spine trauma in adults. Dreizin D(1), Letzing M, Sliker CW, Chokshi FH, Bodanapally U, Mirvis SE, Quencer RM, Munera F. Author information: (1)From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Maryland Medical Center, R Adams Cowley Shock Tr...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

[Rheumatoid instability in the cervical spine : Diagnostic and therapeutic strategies].

Der Orthopade | 2018 | Kothe R

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 18. Eur Spine J. 2016 Jul;25(7):2173-84. doi: 10.1007/s00586-015-3831-3. Epub 2015 Feb 26. AOSpine subaxial cervical spine injury classification system. Vaccaro AR(1), Koerner JD(2), Radcliff KE(2), Oner FC(3), Reinhold M(4), Schnake KJ(5), Kandziora F(6), Fehlings MG(7), Dvorak MF(8), Aarabi B(9), Rajasekaran S(10), Schroeder GD(2), Kepler CK(2), Vialle L...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

AOSpine Classification Systems (Subaxial, Thoracolumbar).

Journal of orthopaedic trauma | 2017 | Schnake KJ, Schroeder GD, Vaccaro AR, Oner C

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 3. Clin Spine Surg. 2024 Nov 1;37(9):416-424. doi: 10.1097/BSD.0000000000001708. Epub 2024 Oct 31. Pediatric Cervical Spine Trauma: A Narrative Review. Zhang JK(1), Hongsermeier-Graves N, Savic B, Nadel J, Sherrod BA, Brockmeyer DL, Iyer RR. Author information: (1)Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT. STUDY DESIGN: Narr...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Pediatric Cervical Spine Injuries: A Rare But Challenging Entity.

Journal of spinal disorders & techniques | 2015 | Baumann F, Ernstberger T, Neumann C, Nerlich M

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 16. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2015 Jan;23(1):38-46. doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-23-01-38. Management of metastatic cervical spine tumors. Mesfin A, Buchowski JM, Gokaslan ZL, Bird JE. The skeletal system is the third most common site of metastases after the lung and liver. Within the skeletal system, the vertebral column is the most common site of metastases, and 8% t...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Management of metastatic cervical spine tumors.

The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons | 2015 | Mesfin A, Buchowski JM, Gokaslan ZL, Bird JE

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 17. Orthopade. 2018 Jun;47(6):489-495. doi: 10.1007/s00132-018-3563-2. [Rheumatoid instability in the cervical spine : Diagnostic and therapeutic strategies]. [Article in German] Kothe R(1). Author information: (1)Klinik für Spinale Chirurgie, Schön Klinik Eilbek, Dehnhaide 120, 22081, Hamburg, Deutschland. rkothe@schoen-kliniken.de. BACKGROUND: The involv...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Multidetector CT of blunt cervical spine trauma in adults.

Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc | 2014 | Dreizin D, Letzing M, Sliker CW, Chokshi FH

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 8. Clin Spine Surg. 2022 Jul 1;35(6):241-248. doi: 10.1097/BSD.0000000000001148. Epub 2021 Mar 1. Management of Acute Subaxial Trauma and Spinal Cord Injury in Professional Collision Athletes. Patel PD(1), Divi SN(1), Canseco JA(1), Donnally CJ 3rd(1), Galetta M(1), Vaccaro A Jr(1), Schroeder GD(1), Hsu WK(2), Hecht AC(3), Dossett AB(4), Dhanota AS(5), Pra...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Fractures of the cervical spine.

Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) | 2013 | Marcon RM, Cristante AF, Teixeira WJ, Narasaki DK

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: No potential conflict of interest was reported. 6. Radiologe. 2020 Jul;60(7):601-609. doi: 10.1007/s00117-020-00702-5. [Skull and cervical spine fractures]. [Article in German] Langner S(1), Roloff AM(2), Schraven SP(3), Weber MA(2), Henker C(4). Author information: (1)Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiolog...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Cervical Dislocation.

Journal unavailable | 2026 | Petrone B, Dowling TJ

Conflict of interest statement: Disclosure: Brandon Petrone declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies. Disclosure: Thomas Dowling declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies. 15. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2015 Aug;28(7):E377-84. doi: 10.1097/BSD.0000000000000307. Pediatric Cervical Spine Injuries: A Rare But Challenging Entity...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Vertical dislocation of subaxial cervical spine.

Asian journal of surgery | 2023 | Hu X, Chang W

[Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Declaration of competing interest All authors declare that there is no conflict of interest in this paper. 5. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2013 Nov;68(11):1455-61. doi: 10.6061/clinics/2013(11)12. Fractures of the cervical spine. Marcon RM(1), Cristante AF, Teixeira WJ, Narasaki DK, Oliveira RP, de Barros Filho TE. Author information...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Pediatric cervical spine injuries-results of the German multicenter CHILDSPINE study.

European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society | 2023 | Jarvers JS, Herren C, Jung MK, Blume C

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 12. World Neurosurg. 2020 Oct;142:e364-e371. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.06.234. Epub 2020 Jul 13. An Experimental Study on the Safety and Mechanism of Reduction of Subaxial Cervical Facet Dislocation Using Z-Shape Elevating-Pulling Reduction Technique. Wu Y(1), Shao X(1), Wang X(2), Zeng J(1). Author information: (1)Department of Spine Surgery, Second Affili...

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PubMed Case Report / Series Evidence Low

Treatment of cervical subaxial injury in the very young child.

European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society | 2018 | Özbek Z, Özkara E, Vural M, Arslantaş A

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 20. Eur Spine J. 2021 Jun;30(6):1635-1650. doi: 10.1007/s00586-021-06818-z. Epub 2021 Apr 2. Variation in global treatment for subaxial cervical spine isolated unilateral facet fractures. Karamian BA(1), Schroeder GD(2), Holas M(3), Joaquim AF(4), Canseco JA(2), Rajasekaran S(5), Benneker LM(6), Kandziora F(7), Schnake KJ(8), Öner FC(9), Kepler CK(2), Vacc...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Classification of lower cervical spine injuries.

Spine | 2006 | Moore TA, Vaccaro AR, Anderson PA

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 10. J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev. 2025 May 8;9(5):e25.00083. doi: 10.5435/JAAOSGlobal-D-25-00083. eCollection 2025 May 1. Surgical Management of Facet Fracture Dislocations of the Subaxial Spine: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Callaway J(1), Shahzad H, Tse S, Frei A, Javidan Y, Roberto R, Le H. Author information: (1)From the Department of Orthopedic...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

An Experimental Study on the Safety and Mechanism of Reduction of Subaxial Cervical Facet Dislocation Using Z-Shape Elevating-Pulling Reduction Technique.

World neurosurgery | 2020 | Wu Y, Shao X, Wang X, Zeng J

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 13. Orthopedics. 1992 Mar;15(3):287-95. doi: 10.3928/0147-7447-19920301-05. Techniques of subaxial posterior cervical spine fusions: an overview. Abdu WA(1), Bohlman HH. Author information: (1)Department of Surgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756. The various methods for posterior cervical stabilization techniques allow successful fu...

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PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

AOSpine subaxial cervical spine injury classification system.

European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society | 2016 | Vaccaro AR, Koerner JD, Radcliff KE, Oner FC

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 19. Eur Spine J. 2018 Jun;27(6):1193-1198. doi: 10.1007/s00586-017-5316-z. Epub 2017 Oct 30. Treatment of cervical subaxial injury in the very young child. Özbek Z(1), Özkara E(2), Vural M(2), Arslantaş A(2). Author information: (1)Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26480, Eskisehir, Turkey. zuhtuozbek@gmail.com...

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Crossref Scholarly Work Evidence Unclassified

Subaxial cervical spine injuries

Oxford Medicine Online | 2011 | Sergio Mendoza-Lattes, Charles R. Clark

♦ The spine study group classification describes three families of fractures♦ Clinical examination can exclude a cervical spine injury in a non-distracted conscious patient without pain and neurological deficit♦ CT scan is the investigation of choice where fracture is suspected♦ Pure ligamentous injuries are rare♦ Priorities are immobilization and assessment, reduction of dislo...

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PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Techniques of subaxial posterior cervical spine fusions: an overview.

Orthopedics | 1992 | Abdu WA, Bohlman HH

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 14. Cervical Dislocation. Petrone B(1), Dowling TJ(2). In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2026 Jan–. 2024 May 7. Author information: (1)Northwell Health/Plainview Hospital (2)Long Island Spine Specialists Trauma to the cervical spine encompasses a broad spectrum of injuries, ranging from muscular strain, capsular or lig...

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