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Evidence Search

Search reputable indexed orthopaedic literature from multiple scholarly sources, classify the evidence, and link papers directly to wiki topics and cases.

Sources: PubMed, Europe PMC, Crossref

Linking results to Wiki: Adult Acquired Flatfoot — Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction (PTTD)
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Results are classified automatically from source metadata across PubMed, Europe PMC, and Crossref.
PubMed Crossref
PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

Adult-Acquired Flatfoot Deformity.

Foot & ankle orthopaedics | 2019 | Henry JK, Shakked R, Ellis SJ

Conflict of interest statement: Declaration of Conflicting Interests: The author(s) declared the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Scott J. Ellis, MD, reports personal fees from Wright Medical, outside the submitted work. ICMJE forms for all authors are available online. 2. Foot Ankle Clin. 20...

PubMed Case Report / Series Evidence Low

Congenital Absence of the Navicular Bone: A Rare Cause of Adult-Acquired Flatfoot and Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction.

Cureus | 2025 | Alhashimi I, Al-Taie A, Alam S, Ibrahem Adam R

Conflict of interest statement: Human subjects: Consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization fo...

PubMed Cohort / Comparative Study Evidence Moderate

Comparison of transfer sites for flexor digitorum longus in a cadaveric adult acquired flatfoot model.

Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society | 2014 | Vaudreuil NJ, Ledoux WR, Roush GC, Whittaker EC

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 6. J Clin Med. 2022 Feb 5;11(3):840. doi: 10.3390/jcm11030840. Adult-Acquired Flatfoot Deformity: Combined Talonavicular Arthrodesis and Calcaneal Displacement Osteotomy versus Double Arthrodesis. Fischer S(1), Oepping J(1), Altmeppen J(2), Gramlich Y(2), Neun O(1), Manegold S(1), Hoffmann R(2). Author information: (1)Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery B...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction(Archived).

Journal unavailable | 2026 | Knapp PW, Constant D

Conflict of interest statement: Disclosure: Paul Knapp declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies. Disclosure: Dustin Constant declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies. 4. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2019 Jan;58(1):165-170. doi: 10.1053/j.jfas.2018.07.002. Repair of the Deltoid Ligament Using Posterior Tibial Tendon Autograft:A N...

PubMed Case Report / Series Evidence Low

Arthrodesis for chronic lateral subtalar joint dislocation caused by posterior tibial tendon dysfunction: A case report.

International journal of surgery case reports | 2021 | Tonogai I, Sairyo K

14. Cureus. 2025 May 31;17(5):e85151. doi: 10.7759/cureus.85151. eCollection 2025 May. Congenital Absence of the Navicular Bone: A Rare Cause of Adult-Acquired Flatfoot and Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction. Alhashimi I(1), Al-Taie A(2), Alam S(1), Ibrahem Adam R(3)(4). Author information: (1)Radiology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QAT. (2)Radiology, Hamad General Hospita...

PubMed Case Report / Series Evidence Low

Repair of the Deltoid Ligament Using Posterior Tibial Tendon Autograft:A Novel Technique.

The Journal of foot and ankle surgery : official publication of the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons | 2019 | Persaud S, Catanzariti AR

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 5. J Orthop Res. 2014 Jan;32(1):102-9. doi: 10.1002/jor.22488. Epub 2013 Sep 21. Comparison of transfer sites for flexor digitorum longus in a cadaveric adult acquired flatfoot model. Vaudreuil NJ(1), Ledoux WR, Roush GC, Whittaker EC, Sangeorzan BJ. Author information: (1)RR&D Center of Excellence for Limb Loss Prevention and Prosthetic Engineering, VA Pu...

PubMed Narrative Review Evidence Moderate

The flexible flatfoot in the adult.

Foot and ankle clinics | 2007 | Giza E, Cush G, Schon LC

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 3. Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction(Archived). Knapp PW(1), Constant D(2). In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2026 Jan–. 2024 May 21. Author information: (1)Ascension Providence Health System (2)Coordinated Health Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD), now renamed progressive collapsing foot deformity (PCFD), is...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Adult-Acquired Flatfoot Deformity: Combined Talonavicular Arthrodesis and Calcaneal Displacement Osteotomy versus Double Arthrodesis.

Journal of clinical medicine | 2022 | Fischer S, Oepping J, Altmeppen J, Gramlich Y

Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. All authors agree to the publication of the data. 7. Foot Ankle Spec. 2019 Apr;12(2):122-130. doi: 10.1177/1938640018770242. Epub 2018 Apr 12. Short- to Mid-Term Outcomes Following the Use of an Arthroereisis Implant as an Adjunct for Correction of Flexible, Acquired Flatfoot Deformity i...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Short- to Mid-Term Outcomes Following the Use of an Arthroereisis Implant as an Adjunct for Correction of Flexible, Acquired Flatfoot Deformity in Adults.

Foot & ankle specialist | 2019 | Walley KC, Greene G, Hallam J, Juliano PJ

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 8. Ortop Traumatol Rehabil. 2013 Nov-Dec;15(6):641-8. doi: 10.5604/15093492.1091548. Knowledge of participants of the 5th Polish Foot and Ankle Society (PFAS) Congress about the diagnosis and treatment of plano-valgus feet secondary to posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD). Kołodziej Ł(1), Napiontek M(2), Kazimierczak A(3). Author information: (1)Depa...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Anatomic study of the medial side of the ankle base on the joint capsule: an alternative description of the deltoid and spring ligament.

Journal of experimental orthopaedics | 2019 | Amaha K, Nimura A, Yamaguchi R, Kampan N

Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. 10. Foot Ankle Int. 2011 Feb;32(2):189-92. doi: 10.3113/FAI.2011.0189. Validity of the posterior tibial edema sign in posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. DeOrio JK(1), Shapiro SA, McNeil RB, Stansel J. Author information: (1)Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC,...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Three-Dimensional Morphometric Modeling Measurements of the Calcaneus in Adults with Stage IIB Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction: A Pilot Study.

Foot & ankle specialist | 2019 | Walley KC, Roush EP, Stauch CM, Kunselman AR

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 13. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2021 Jan;78:21-25. doi: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2020.11.136. Epub 2020 Dec 2. Arthrodesis for chronic lateral subtalar joint dislocation caused by posterior tibial tendon dysfunction: A case report. Tonogai I(1), Sairyo K(2). Author information: (1)Department of Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Science, Tokushima University Graduate Sc...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Biomechanical consequences of subtalar joint arthroereisis in treating posterior tibial tendon dysfunction: a theoretical analysis using finite element analysis.

Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering | 2017 | Wong DW, Wang Y, Chen TL, Leung AK

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 12. Foot Ankle Spec. 2019 Aug;12(4):316-321. doi: 10.1177/1938640018796618. Epub 2018 Aug 31. Three-Dimensional Morphometric Modeling Measurements of the Calcaneus in Adults with Stage IIB Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction: A Pilot Study. Walley KC(1)(2), Roush EP(1)(2), Stauch CM(1)(2), Kunselman AR(1)(2), Saloky KL(1)(2), King JL(1)(2), Lewis GS(1)(2),...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Knowledge of participants of the 5th Polish Foot and Ankle Society (PFAS) Congress about the diagnosis and treatment of plano-valgus feet secondary to posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD).

Ortopedia, traumatologia, rehabilitacja | 2013 | Kołodziej Ł, Napiontek M, Kazimierczak A

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 9. J Exp Orthop. 2019 Jan 28;6(1):2. doi: 10.1186/s40634-019-0171-y. Anatomic study of the medial side of the ankle base on the joint capsule: an alternative description of the deltoid and spring ligament. Amaha K(1)(2), Nimura A(3), Yamaguchi R(1), Kampan N(1), Tasaki A(1)(2), Yamaguchi K(1), Kato R(4)(5), Akita K(1). Author information: (1)Department of...

Crossref Journal Article Evidence Unclassified

Posterior Tibial Tendon Excision and Postoperative Pain in Adult Flatfoot Reconstruction: A Preliminary Report

The Duke Orthopaedic Journal | 2013 | James K DeOrio, James A Nunley, Constantine A Demetracopoulos

ABSTRACT Background Posterior tibial tendon insufficiency plays a large role in the pathogenesis of adult acquired flatfoot deformity (AAFD) in select patients. Transfer of the flexor digitorum longus is indicated to compensate for the loss of posterior tibial tendon function; however the role of resection of the degenerated posterior tibial tendon remains unclear. The aim of t...

PubMed Original Article Evidence Unclassified

Validity of the posterior tibial edema sign in posterior tibial tendon dysfunction.

Foot & ankle international | 2011 | DeOrio JK, Shapiro SA, McNeil RB, Stansel J

[Indexed for MEDLINE] 11. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin. 2017 Nov;20(14):1525-1532. doi: 10.1080/10255842.2017.1382484. Epub 2017 Sep 27. Biomechanical consequences of subtalar joint arthroereisis in treating posterior tibial tendon dysfunction: a theoretical analysis using finite element analysis. Wong DW(1)(2), Wang Y(1)(2), Chen TL(1), Leung AK(1)(2), Zhang M(1)(2). Au...

Crossref Journal Article Evidence Unclassified

Effects of Posterior Tibial Tendon Augmented With Biografts and Calcaneal Osteotomy in Stage II Adult-Acquired Flatfoot Deformity

Foot & Ankle Specialist | 2009 | Daniel Lee

Adult-acquired flatfoot deformity (AAFD) is a well-known condition leading to flexible flatfoot deformity. However, only recently have the function and muscle strength for balancing opposing muscles been more appreciated in laboratory studies. With the advancements in collagen science in tendon structure, the rationale and concept of some of the most common procedures in tendon...