v4.1 Fusion X
Cerebral palsy is a non-progressive neurological disorder in which the musculoskeletal deformities may progressively worsen with growth. Orthopaedic problems arise from spasticity, weakness, muscle imbalance, contractures, torsional deformities and abnormal skeletal loading. Hip surveillance is especially important because progressive hip displacement is common in children with greater motor impairment. Management ranges from physiotherapy, orthoses, serial casting and botulinum toxin to soft-tissue procedures, osteotomies, hip reconstruction, foot surgery and spinal fusion. Treatment goals should be individualised according to GMFCS level, focusing on gait and efficiency in ambulatory children and on comfort, sitting, hygiene and ease of care in non-ambulatory patients.
What is the primary goal of orthopaedic management in children with cerebral palsy?
Which type of cerebral palsy is characterized by velocity-dependent increase in muscle tone?
A child with cerebral palsy presents with significant muscle weakness and poor selective motor control. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate to improv...
Which of the following is a common risk factor for the development of cerebral palsy?
In a child with cerebral palsy, which of the following strategies is most effective for preventing hip dislocation?
A 5-year-old child with mixed cerebral palsy is experiencing difficulty with balance and coordination. Which of the following types of therapy would likely be most benefi...
In the context of cerebral palsy, which statement regarding the GMFCS (Gross Motor Function Classification System) is correct?
A 4-year-old child with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy is being assessed for hip displacement. What is the most important reason for regular hip surveillance in this pop...
In a child with cerebral palsy, which of the following management options is least likely to be effective for addressing contractures?
A 6-year-old child with spastic hemiplegia shows difficulty in walking and has developed a fixed equinus deformity. Which surgical procedure is most likely to improve the...