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Entrapment neuropathy of the posterior tibial nerve under the flexor retinaculum behind the medial malleolus. Symptoms: burning dysesthesia/paresthesia in plantar foot, worse at night or with prolonged standing; positive Tinel’s sign posterior to medial malleolus. Etiologies: space‑occupying lesions (ganglion, varicosities), tenosynovitis, trauma, hindfoot valgus/flatfoot causing traction, systemic neuropathies. NCS/EMG supports diagnosis; ultrasound/MRI detects masses and tendon pathology. Treatment: correct biomechanics (orthoses), NSAIDs, treat masses; surgical decompression with release of flexor retinaculum and distal tunnel when conservative measures fail.
What is the most common space-occupying lesion associated with tarsal tunnel syndrome?
Which clinical sign is commonly used to diagnose tarsal tunnel syndrome?
Which of the following is the most common biomechanical factor contributing to tarsal tunnel syndrome?
What is the typical symptom pattern for tarsal tunnel syndrome?
Which imaging modality is essential for identifying masses associated with tarsal tunnel syndrome?
What is the recommended initial treatment for tarsal tunnel syndrome before considering surgical options?
Which of the following tests is most sensitive for diagnosing tarsal tunnel syndrome?
What type of nerve entrapment occurs in classic tarsal tunnel syndrome?
Which of the following conditions is NOT commonly associated with tarsal tunnel syndrome?
What is the main anatomical structure forming the roof of the tarsal tunnel?