Orthonotes
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Cartilage repair technique for focal chondral defects
Salvage procedure for irretrievable failed TKA, chronic infection, tumor resection. Techniques: intramedullary nailing, external fixation (Ilizarov),...
Traction apophysitis at inferior pole of patella in adolescents. Similar mechanism to Osgood–Schlatter but at patellar origin of tendon. Clinical: loc...
Most common acute dislocation of knee; lateral displacement of patella. Mechanism: valgus stress + external rotation with knee flexion. Clinical: sudd...
Common cause of anterior knee pain in young adults, esp. females (‘runner’s knee’). Etiology: maltracking due to Q-angle increase, muscle imbalance, o...
Patellar instability often due to MPFL rupture after lateral patellar dislocation. Risk factors: trochlear dysplasia, patella alta, increased TT-TG di...
Overuse injury of patellar tendon, common in jumping athletes (basketball, volleyball). Pain localized to inferior pole of patella; worse with jumping...
Apophysitis of tibial tubercle in adolescents due to repetitive traction from quadriceps. Common in athletic boys (10–15 yrs). Clinical: pain, swellin...
Congenital variant where meniscus is thickened and disk-shaped. Most common in lateral meniscus (incidence 1–3%). Clinical: snapping, pain, locking in...
Focal subchondral bone necrosis leading to cartilage instability. Common site: lateral aspect of medial femoral condyle. Clinical: pain, swelling, cat...