Explore high-yield orthopaedic topics with structured summaries, linked cases, and integrated learning pathways.
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Comprehensive guide to orthopaedic screws covering screw anatomy and geometry, cortical and cancellous screws, lag screws and the lag technique, locking screws, cannulated screws, headless compression screws, malleolar and positional screws...
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I: nondisplaced posterior facet; II: two-part; III: three-part; IV: comminuted (>3 parts). Type correlates with outcome; II–III often ORIF; IV has poorest prognosis.
I: no dislocation; II: subtalar dislocation; III: subtalar + tibiotalar; IV: plus talonavicular. AVN risk escalates I→IV; displaced types require urgent reduction and fix...
A: total incongruity; B1: medial partial; B2: lateral partial; C1: divergent partial; C2: divergent complete. Any >2 mm displacement typically requires surgical fixation/...
Zone I: tuberosity avulsion (pseudo-Jones) — usually heals conservatively. Zone II: Jones fracture at metaphyseal–diaphyseal junction — watershed area, higher nonunion →...
A: stable (posterior arch intact). B: rotationally unstable, vertically stable (open-book APC or LC injuries). C: rotationally + vertically unstable (complete posterior d...
Transverse, comminuted (stellate), polar avulsion, vertical; AO: 34-A extra-articular pole, 34-C transverse/comminuted. Displacement/extensor disruption → ORIF; minimal d...
AO: 42-A simple, 42-B wedge, 42-C complex/segmental. Closed soft tissues graded by Oestern–Tscherne; open injuries by Gustilo (I–IIIC). Guides fixation strategy and antib...
A: infra-syndesmotic; B: at syndesmosis; C: supra-syndesmotic (Maisonneuve possible). Instability rises from A→C; C requires ORIF with syndesmotic fixation.
SA (supination-adduction): lat avulsion → vertical medial fx. SER (supination-external rotation): ATFL → fibula at level → posterior → medial (most common). PA (pronation...
33-A: extra-articular; 33-B: partial articular (e.g., Hoffa = B3); 33-C: complete articular. Articular types require anatomic joint reduction; fixation usually with locki...
I split lateral; II split+depression; III pure depression; IV medial; V bicondylar; VI metaphyseal-diaphyseal dissociation. Severity ↑ from I→VI; medial/bicondylar often...
41-A extra-articular; 41-B partial articular; 41-C complete articular. Complements/updates Schatzker with alphanumeric consistency across regions.
