Explore high-yield orthopaedic topics with structured summaries, linked cases, and integrated learning pathways.
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Comprehensive guide to orthopaedic screws covering screw anatomy and geometry, cortical and cancellous screws, lag screws and the lag technique, locking screws, cannulated screws, headless compression screws, malleolar and positional screws...
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Neuropathic osteoarthropathy due to sensory/autonomic neuropathy—diabetes most common cause. Eichenholtz stages: I (fragmentation), II (coalescence), III (remodeling). Sa...
Enhanced recovery protocols (ERAS) enable same-day/next-day discharge in selected patients. Selection: ASA I–II, motivated, good support, no major comorbidities or bleedi...
T- or Y-shaped intra-articular fractures of the distal humerus. Most common in young adults (high energy) and elderly osteoporotic (low energy). Require anatomic articula...
Simultaneous fracture of radius and ulna compromises pronation-supination. Adults: ORIF with plating is gold standard; children: closed reduction & casting. Principle: re...
Computer-assisted surgery (CAS) improves component alignment in TKA/THA. Techniques: imageless and CT-based navigation. Benefits: improved mechanical axis alignment, redu...
Robotics assists bone preparation and implant positioning (mostly semi-active systems). Potential: improved accuracy, reproducibility, individualized alignment strategies...
PSI uses preop MRI/CT to fabricate custom cutting jigs. Goal: improve accuracy, reduce OR time/inventory; evidence shows marginal accuracy gains without clear functional...
THA: cementless acetabular components standard; femoral fixation cemented (elderly) vs cementless (younger). TKA: tibial components commonly cemented; cementless options...
UKA: isolated compartment OA, intact ACL/collaterals, correctible deformity; faster recovery, more natural kinematics. TKA: multicompartment disease, inflammatory arthrit...
Controversial: to resurface or not during TKA. Resurfacing: reduces anterior knee pain, avoids secondary resurfacing procedures. Non-resurfacing: avoids patellar complica...
Common indications: aseptic loosening, PJI, instability, stiffness, polyethylene wear, periprosthetic fracture, malalignment. Workup: exclude infection (ESR/CRP ± aspirat...
Primary driver of late osteolysis and aseptic loosening in TKA. Wear modes: adhesive/abrasive; delamination & pitting with high contact stress/oxidation in older PE. Risk...
