Orthonotes
by the.bonestories
Menu
Autosomal dominant **FGFR3** mutation → rhizomelic limb shortening with normal trunk, macrocephaly. Neonates risk **foramen magnum stenosis** and central apnea; screen in infancy....
Pediatrics | 👁 4 | 2 weeks agoFailure of mineralization at the growth plate → metaphyseal cupping, fraying, and splaying with genu varum/valgum. Differentiate **nutritional vitamin D deficiency** from **X‑linke...
Pediatrics | 👁 3 | 2 weeks agoHigh‑grade intramedullary osteosarcoma affects metaphyses of long bones in adolescents (distal femur, proximal tibia, proximal humerus). Workup: **X‑rays**, **MRI with contrast** o...
Tumor | 👁 3 | 2 weeks agoFirst‑time dislocation: non-op unless loose bodies/osteochondral fracture or gross instability. Recurrent instability → MPFL reconstruction; address bony factors (TT‑TG distance, t...
Sports | 👁 7 | 2 weeks agoLenke classification guides fusion levels using curve type, lumbar modifier, and sagittal modifier. Bracing is effective in skeletally immature (Risser 0–2) with 25–40° curves when...
Spine | 👁 6 | 2 weeks agoScheuermann disease: rigid structural kyphosis with ≥3 adjacent vertebrae wedged ≥5° and Schmorl nodes. Post‑TB kyphosis is angular with short apex, often severe and progressive in...
Spine | 👁 3 | 2 weeks agoSC joint dislocations: anterior (more common, often stable after reduction) vs posterior (rare but life‑threatening due to mediastinal compression). Posterior dislocation red flags...
Trauma | 👁 7 | 2 weeks agoRockwood I–VI classification based on AC/CC ligament disruption and clavicle displacement. I–II: non-op (sling, rehab). III: controversial; IV–VI: surgery. Surgical options: hook p...
Trauma | 👁 4 | 2 weeks agoPediatric equivalent of ACL tear — bony avulsion of tibial eminence. Meyers–McKeever Types I–III (and IV comminuted) guide management. Type I: cast in extension; II–III/IV: arthros...
Pediatrics | 👁 2 | 2 weeks agoRed‑red (peripheral) zone heals best; red‑white intermediate; white‑white avascular. Vertical longitudinal (bucket handle) tears in young → repair; complex/degenerative tears in ol...
Sports | 👁 2 | 2 weeks agoHigh‑energy axial load injures distal tibial plafond with severe soft‑tissue compromise. Standard of care is staged protocol: **span → scan → settle → ORIF**. Restore length and al...
Trauma | 👁 3 | 2 weeks agoTarsal navicular: body, tuberosity, and stress fractures; critical for medial column length and talonavicular congruity. Cuboid: 'nutcracker' fracture from forefoot abduction; late...
Trauma | 👁 5 | 2 weeks ago