Explore high-yield orthopaedic topics with structured summaries, linked cases, and integrated learning pathways.
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Comprehensive guide to orthopaedic screws covering screw anatomy and geometry, cortical and cancellous screws, lag screws and the lag technique, locking screws, cannulated screws, headless compression screws, malleolar and positional screws...
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Stage before biopsy: define lesion (X‑ray/MRI) and search for primaries (CT CAP, bone scan/PET). Adult common cause is metastasis (BLT KP) or myeloma; in children, benign...
Metals: stainless steel (316L), cobalt‑chrome, titanium alloys; differences in modulus, corrosion resistance, MRI artifacts. Polymers: UHMWPE (arthroplasty bearings), PMM...
Autograft is gold standard: osteogenic + osteoinductive + osteoconductive (iliac crest). Allograft provides scaffold (osteoconductive) ± growth factors; immune & disease...
Defective mineralization: osteoid in adults (osteomalacia) vs physis in children (rickets). Etiologies: Vit D deficiency/resistance, phosphate deficiency (tumor‑induced,...
Excess PTH causes cortical bone loss via RANKL-mediated osteoclast activation; classic radiology: subperiosteal resorption, salt‑and‑pepper skull, brown tumors. Primary (...
Brachial plexus consists of Roots (C5–T1), Trunks (upper, middle, lower), Divisions (each trunk splits into anterior/posterior), Cords (lateral, posterior, medial), and t...
Load sharing vs load bearing; absolute vs relative stability; primary vs secondary healing. Plates: compression (DCP/LCP in compression) vs bridging (relative stability);...
