Orthonotes
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Types I–V: rim (anterior/posterior), transverse, and complex intra-articular patterns. Large articular fragments or instability need ORIF; small rim f...
Follow ATLS with careful immobilization; CT is first‑line imaging for suspected injury. AO Subaxial classification guides stability and surgical appro...
SC joint dislocations: anterior (more common, often stable after reduction) vs posterior (rare but life‑threatening due to mediastinal compression). P...
Rockwood I–VI classification based on AC/CC ligament disruption and clavicle displacement. I–II: non-op (sling, rehab). III: controversial; IV–VI: sur...
High‑energy axial load injures distal tibial plafond with severe soft‑tissue compromise. Standard of care is staged protocol: **span → scan → settle →...
Tarsal navicular: body, tuberosity, and stress fractures; critical for medial column length and talonavicular congruity. Cuboid: 'nutcracker' fracture...
1st metatarsal fractures affect medial column; greater functional impact. 5th metatarsal: distinguish avulsion (zone 1), Jones (zone 2), and diaphysea...
Maisonneuve injury = proximal fibular fracture + syndesmotic disruption + medial injury (deltoid/medial malleolus). Mechanism: external rotation with...
Lewis–Rorabeck and Su classifications guide treatment; stability of the femoral component is the key decision point. Stable TKA → fixation (locking pl...
Indications: displaced transverse fractures with intact extensor. Principle: converts tensile quadriceps force into compression at fracture site. Tech...