v4.1 Fusion X
Radial head and neck fractures are common elbow injuries caused most often by a fall on an outstretched hand that transmits axial force through the fo...
Type I: nondisplaced (A noncomminuted / B comminuted). Type II: displaced but stable (A/B). Type III: displaced and unstable (A/B). Type I conservativ...
I: tip avulsion; II: 50% height. II–III indicate elbow instability, commonly part of terrible triad → fixation required.
I: anterior radial head dislocation (ulna angulated anterior). II: posterior; III: lateral; IV: both bones fractured with radial head dislocation. ORI...
Distal radial shaft fracture with distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) disruption. Unstable pattern: ORIF radius and stabilize DRUJ.
Allman: Type I midshaft; Type II distal; Type III medial third. Neer distal clavicle: Type I stable; IIA/IIB unstable (CC ligaments disrupted); Type I...
I: sprain; II: AC torn, CC intact; III: AC+CC torn with superior displacement. IV: posterior displacement; V: marked superior displacement; VI: inferi...
Types I–V: rim (anterior/posterior), transverse, and complex intra-articular patterns. Large articular fragments or instability need ORIF; small rim f...
Follow ATLS with careful immobilization; CT is first‑line imaging for suspected injury. AO Subaxial classification guides stability and surgical appro...
SC joint dislocations: anterior (more common, often stable after reduction) vs posterior (rare but life‑threatening due to mediastinal compression). P...